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. 2009 Feb 23;30(4):598–605. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgp047

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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

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Fig. 3. — Modulation of TCF/β-catenin signaling by NDRG2. TOPflash luciferase reporter assay system containing a luciferase reporter plasmid with three copies of the optimal TCF-/LEF-binding sites upstream of the minimal thymidine kinase promoter was used to elucidate the role of NDRG2 in modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (A) Transiently transfected NDRG2 induced the decrease of TCF/LEF transcription activity in SW620 and HCT116. NDRG2 was overexpressed in SW620 cells, which originally expressed low levels of NDRG2. (B and C) Significant reduction in β-catenin expression was observed in the four selected clones, but its localization was not changed. (D) Mutant forms of NDRG2, NDRG2^T334A and NDRG2^Δ302 generated by site-directed mutagenesis did not induce downregulation of β-catenin. M and T represent cells transfected with empty vector or NDRG2-expressing vector, respectively.