Table 1.

Crystal structures of proline catabolic and biosynthetic enzymes

Protein or domain	PDB codes	Reference
Proline catabolic enzymes
PRODH domain of E. coli PutA complexes with the proline analogs THFA, L-lactate and acetate	1TIW, 1TJ0, 1TJ2	(Zhang et al. 2004a)
PRODH domain of E. coli PutA reduced with dithionite	2FZM	(Zhang et al. 2007)
PRODH from T. thermophilus	2G37	(White et al. 2007)
PRODH from T. thermophilus inactivated by N-propargylglycine	2EKG	(White et al. 2008)
P5CDH from T. thermophilus complexes with NAD+, NADH, glutamate and NADP+	2BHP, 2BJA, 2BHQ, 2EHQ	(Inagaki et al. 2006; Inagaki et al. 2007)
DNA-binding domain of E. coli PutA	2GPE	(Larson et al. 2006)
DNA-binding domain of E. coli PutA bound to DNA	2RBF	(Zhou et al. 2008a)
Proline biosynthetic enzymes
γ-GK from Campylobacter jejuni complexed with ADP	2AKO
γ-GK from E. coli complexes with glutamate and γ-glutamyl phosphate	2J5T, 2J5V
γ-GPR from Thermotoga maritima	1O20	(Page et al. 2004)
γ-GPR from Saccharomyces cerevisiae	1VLU
P5CS γ-GPR domain from human	2H5G
OAT from human	1OAT	(Shen et al. 1998)
OAT from human, active site mutants	2BYL, 2BYJ	(Markova et al. 2005)
OAT from human complexed with 5-fluoromethylornithine	2OAT	(Storici et al. 1999)
OAT from human complexes with gabaculine and L-canaline	1GBN, 2CAN	(Shah et al. 1997)
OAT from Plasmodium Yoelii	1Z7D
P5CR from Neisseria Meningitidis and Streptococcus pyogenes; apo and complexes with NADP+ and proline	2AG8, 1YQG, 2AHR, 2AMF	(Nocek et al. 2005)
P5CR from human; apo and ternary complexes with NAD+/Glu and NADP+/Glu	2GER, 2GR9, 2GRA	(Meng et al. 2006)
P5CR from human complexed with NAD+	2IZZ
P5CR from Plasmodium falciparum complexed with NADP+	2RCY