Crystals of Vdh. (a) The initial crystals were obtained in 100 mM bis-tris pH 6.5, 30%(w/v) PEG 550 MME and 50 mM CaCl2. (b) After optimization of the crystallization conditions, a large hexagonal rod-shaped crystal was obtained in 100 mM bis-tris pH 7.5, 38%(w/v) PEG 400, 50 mM CaCl2 and 60 mM NaCl. (c) Needle-shaped crystals were also obtained in the presence of 25(OH)VD3 in 100 mM bis-tris pH 7.5, 26%(w/v) PEG 1000 and 50 mM CaCl2.