Figure 6.

Intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) response in primary cultured mouse urothelial cells and DRG neurons. (A,B) Hypotonic stimuli (220 mOsm) evoked marked [Ca²⁺]_i increases that were abolished by extracellular ruthenium red (RuR, 10 μM) in the urothelial cells isolated from TRPV1^+/+ (A) and TRPV1^−/− (B) mice. (C) TRPV4 agonist 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4α-PDD; 10 μM) evoked [Ca²⁺]_i increases that were partially blocked by extracellular RuR. Note that the cell did not respond to 1 μM capsaicin (Cap). (D) Capsaicin (500 nM) evoked [Ca²⁺]_i increases in primary cultured DRG neurons, and the response was almost completely inhibited by capsazepine (CPZ, 5 μM). A calcium ionophore (Ionomycin, 3 μM) was applied as a positive control at the end of the experiments.