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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Apr 3.
Published in final edited form as: J Comp Neurol. 2008 May 20;508(3):473–486. doi: 10.1002/cne.21686

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Effects of enriched housing and spinal cord injury on the aspect ratio of dendritic spines in the motor cortex. A: Aspect ratio (AR) was defined as the value of spine length (L) divided by that of head diameter (D) from each spine. The higher the AR, the more slender or elongated the spine morphology. The lower the AR, in contrast, the shorter or fatter the spine morphology. B,C: The mean AR as a function of different housing and injury conditions in the superficial (layers 2/3) and deep layer (layers 5/6), respectively. Gray and black bars represent mean AR ± SEM of the groups in standard (S) and enriched (E) housing conditions, respectively. Injury conditions are indicated as sham or Hx (hemisection injury). ***P < 0.001 by two-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc Bonferroni’s test. For the number of dendritic spines analyzed in each group see Tables 1 and 2.