Table 1.
Rates of detection and quantities of genital HSV and plasma and cervical HIV-1, by study arm.
| n/total (%) or mean ± standard deviation |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo |
Valacyclovir |
Difference in quantitya (95% confidence interval) |
p-valueb |
|
| Genital HSV detection | 242 / 1094 (22.1%) |
40 / 1092 (3.7%) |
<0.001 | |
| Genital HSV quantity, log10 copies/swabc | 4.80 ± 1.28 | 3.94 ± 1.00 | −0.67 (−1.08, −0.26) |
0.002 |
| Plasma HIV-1 viral load, log10 copies/mL | 4.60 ± 0.76 | 4.34 ± 1.01 | −0.27 (−0.34, −0.20) |
<0.001 |
| Cervical HIV-1 detection | 266 /374 (71.1%) |
182 / 335 (54.3%) |
<0.001 | |
| Cervical HIV-1 viral load, log10 copies/swab | 3.31 ± 1.11 | 2.93 ± 1.06 | −0.35 (−0.46, −0.25) |
<0.001 |
a
For continuous measures, average differences in quantity between the study arms from linear mixed-effects models.
b
P-values are from generalized estimating equations models for dichotomous measures and from linear mixed-effects models for continuous measures.
c
Among those with detectable genital HSV.