Figure 1.

Proepithelin induces migration, invasion, wound healing, and cell growth of prostate cancer cells. Human proepithelin was purified from conditioned medium of 293-EBNA/proepithelin cells7 as described.27 Migration (A) and invasion (B) experiments on PC3, LNCaP, and DU145 cells were performed as described in the Materials and Methods. Values are expressed as percent increase over SFM ±SD. C: The in vitro wound-healing motility assay in DU145 cells in SFM or SFM supplemented with purified proepithelin (240 nmol/L) was performed as described in Materials and Methods. Cells were analyzed with a cell live microscope using the Metamorph Image Acquisition and Analysis software (Universal Imaging). A minimum of 10 fields per plate was examined. Original magnifications, ×100. D: For the cell growth assay, DU145 cells were plated in triplicate at a density of 4 ×10⁴ cells/35-mm plates. After 24 hours, cells were washed in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium and transferred to SFM or SFM supplemented with 240 nmol/L of proepithelin. Cells were counted after 48 hours with a hemocytometer. The data are the average of four independent experiments run in duplicates ±SD.