Table 5.

Cervical Cancer Control Intervention Studies ^a

Author, publication year	Study design	Assignment unit	Intervention component(s)	Evaluation method	Main finding(s)
Bird, 1998 (36)	Quasi-experimental	Community	Group educational sessions delivered by lay health workers Print educational materials Health fairs	Pre- and post-intervention cross-sectional surveys	Effective in increasing Pap testing use
Jenkins, 1999 37)	Quasi-experimental	Community	Vietnamese language media campaign Audio-visual and print educational materials	Pre- and post-intervention cross-sectional surveys	No effect on Pap testing behavior Increased Pap testing intentions
Nguyen, 2006(27)	Quasi-experimental	Community	Vietnamese language media campaign Print educational materials Community capacity-building activities c	Pre- and post-intervention cross-sectional surveys	Effective in increasing Pap testing use
Mock, 2007 (40)	Randomized controlled trial b	Individual	Group educational sessions delivered by lay health workers	Survey four months after randomization	Effective in increasing Pap testing use

^aAll the studies included women aged 18 years and older.

^bWomen in a community with an ongoing Pap testing Vietnamese language media campaign were randomized to a combined intervention group (lay health worker plus media education) or a media education alone group.

^cCommunity capacity-building activities included restoration of a government-funded low cost screening program, a Pap testing clinic specifically for Vietnamese women, a Pap testing reminder system, and continuing medical education for Vietnamese physicians.