Table 3.

Age-adjusted bivariate analysis — categorical cardiovascular risk factors and medications on the logarithm of ED score.

Categorical risk factor		Parameter estimate β [95% CI]	P-value
Toe-brachial index level*			0.02
	Medium vs. low	0.129 [−0.051, 0.309]
	High vs. low	0.364 [0.102, 0.625]
Diabetes		−0.046 [−0.318, 0.225]	0.74
Hypertension		−0.131 [−0.267, 0.004]	0.06
Smoker		0.099 [−0.037, 0.235]	0.15
Body-mass index			0.01
	Overweight vs. normal	−0.185 [−0.336, −0.034]
	Obese vs. normal	−0.317 [−0.536, −0.097]
Hyperlipidemia		−0.057 [−0.191, 0.077]	0.40
Elevated waist-hip ratio		−0.071 [−0.212, 0.069]	0.32
Exercise ≥3 times per week		−0.001 [−0.170, 0.167]	0.99
Alcohol use†			0.04
	Moderate vs. none	−0.102 [−0.271, 0.067]
	Heavy vs. none	−0.257 [−0.458, −0.056]
Beta-blocker use		−0.170 [−0.366, 0.025]	0.09
Calcium channel blocker use		−0.179 [−0.365, 0.008]	0.06
Diuretic use		−0.206 [−0.391, −0.020]	0.03
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use		−0.093 [−0.283, 0.097]	0.33
Anti-angina medication use		−0.080 [−0.547, 0.386]	0.73
Other heart medication use		−0.122 [−0.346, 0.102]	0.28

^*Toe-brachial index level — low <0.66, medium ≥0.66 but ≤1.00, high >1.00

^†Alcohol use — moderate >0 but <140g/week, heavy ≥140g/week