Table 1.

Proportion of High-Level Identifications for Activities in the Behavioral Identification Form as a Function of Similarity Condition (Experiment 1)

Activity	Ends Identification	Means Identification	Similar	Dissimilar
Reading	Gaining knowledge	Following lines of print	.76	1.00
Washing clothes	Removing odors from clothes	Putting clothes into the machine	.59	.71
Measuring a room for carpeting	Getting ready to remodel	Using a yardstick	.65	.81
Cleaning the house	Showing one's cleanliness	Vacuuming the floor	.35	.71
Painting the room	Making the room look fresh	Applying brush strokes	.65	.76
Making a list	Getting organized	Writing things down	.88	.82
Paying the rent	Maintaining a place to live	Writing a check	.65	1.00
Caring for houseplants	Making the room look nice	Watering plants	.47	.53
Locking a door	Securing the house	Putting a key in the lock	.76	.88
Filling out a personality test	Revealing what you're like	Answering questions	.53	.82
Toothbrushing	Preventing tooth decay	Moving a brash around one's mouth	.76	1.00
Taking a test	Showing one's knowledge	Answering questions	.53	.65
Greeting someone	Showing friendliness	Saying hello	.53	.76
Resisting temptation	Showing moral courage	Saying “no”	.53	.71
Eating	Getting nutrition	Chewing and swallowing	.65	.82
Traveling by car	Seeing countryside	Following a map	.53	.59
Having cavity filled	Protecting your teeth	Going to the dentist	.41	.59
Talking to a child	Teaching a child something	Using simple words	.53	.59
Pushing a doorbell	Seeing if someone's home	Moving a finger	.82	.94