TABLE 2.
Changes in measures of diabetes control, blood pressure control, measures of lipid/lipoproteins control, albumin/creatinine, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among participants seen at year 1: mean or percent (standard error).
| Measure | Intensive Lifestyle Intervention N=2,496 |
Diabetes Support and Education N=2,463 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Use of diabetes medicines (%) | |||
| Baseline | 86.5 (0.7) | 86.5 (0.7) | 0.93* |
| Year 1 | 78.6 (0.8) | 88.7 (0.6) | <0.001* |
| Change | −7.8 (0.6) | 2.2 (0.5) | <0.001† |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | |||
| Baseline | 151.9 (0.9) | 153.6 (0.9) | 0.21‡ |
| Year 1 | 130.4 (0.8) | 146.4 (0.9) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | −21.5 (0.9) | −7.2 (0.9) | <0.001‡ |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | |||
| Baseline | 7.25 (0.02) | 7.29 (0.02) | 0.26‡ |
| Year 1 | 6.61 (0.02) | 7.15 (0.02) | <0.001‡ |
| Difference | −0.64 (0.02) | −0.14 (0.02) | <0.001‡ |
| Use of antihypertensive medicines (%) | |||
| Baseline | 75.3 (0.9) | 73.7 (0.9) | 0.23* |
| Year 1 | 75.2 (0.9) | 75.9 (0.9) | 0.54* |
| Change | −0.1 (0.6) | 2.2 (0.6) | 0.02† |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
| Baseline | 128.2 (0.4) | 129.4 (0.3) | 0.01‡ |
| Year 1 | 121.4 (0.4) | 126.6 (0.4) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | −6.8 (0.4) | −2.8 (0.3) | <0.001‡ |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | |||
| Baseline | 69.9 (0.2) | 70.4 (0.2) | 0.11‡ |
| Year 1 | 67.0 (0.2) | 68.6 (0.2) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | −3.0 (0.2) | −1.8 (0.2) | <0.001‡ |
| Use of lipid-lowering medicines (%) | |||
| Baseline | 49.4 (1.0) | 48.4 (1.0) | 0.52* |
| Year 1 | 53.0 (1.0) | 57.8 (1.0) | <0.001* |
| Change | 3.7 (0.8) | 9.4 (0.8) | <0.001† |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||
| Baseline | 112.2 (0.4) | 112.4 (0.6) | 0.78‡ |
| Year 1 | 107.0 (0.6) | 106.7 (0.7) | 0.74‡ |
| Change | −5.2 (0.6) | −5.7 (0.6) | 0.49‡ |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | |||
| Baseline | 43.5 (0.2) | 43.6 (0.2) | 0.80‡ |
| Year 1 | 46.9 (0.3) | 44.9 (0.2) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | 3.4 (0.2) | 1.4 (0.1) | <0.001‡ |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | |||
| Baseline | 182.8 (2.3) | 180.0 (2.4) | 0.38‡ |
| Year 1 | 152.5 (1.8) | 165.4 (1.9) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | −30.3 (2.0) | −14.6 (1.8) | <0.001‡ |
| Albumin/Creatinine >30.0 ug/mg (%) | |||
| Baseline | 16.4 (0.7) | 16.9 (0.8) | 0.69‡ |
| Year 1 | 12.5 (0.7) | 15.4 (0.7) | 0.005‡ |
| Change | −3.9 (0.6) | −1.5 (0.6) | 0.002‡ |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | |||
| Baseline | 93.6 (0.5) | 94.4 (0.5) | 0.23‡ |
| Year 1 | 78.9 (0.8) | 87.3 (0.7) | <0.001‡ |
| Change | −14.7 (0.8) | −7.1 (0.7) | <0.001‡ |
*
Logistic regression with adjustment for clinical site
†
Mantel-Haenszel test with adjustment for clinical site
‡
Analysis of covariance with adjustment for clinical site