Table 3.

Reagents tested for their capacity to modulate the Hsp70 expression in tumor cells

Component	Medicinal or trade name	Application	Mode of action	Reference
Membrane-interactive substances
Alkyl-lysophospholipid 1-octadecyl-2-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3)	Edelfosine		Inhibitor of the PI3K pathway, inhibitor of PKC, inhibitor of PI PLC	Dimanche-Boitrel et al. (2005), Heczkova and Slotte (2006)
Anti-inflammatory agents
Acetyl-salicylic acid	Aspisol®	Analgesic, anti-phlogistic, anti-pyretic, inhibitor of platelet aggregation	COX-1/COX-2 inhibition	Ulrich et al. (2006)
Celecoxib	Celebrex™	Osteoarthrosis, chronic polyarthritis	COX-2 inhibition	Kismet et al. (2004), Mardini and FitzGerald (2001)
Rofecoxib	Vioxx®	Osteoarthrosis, analgesic	COX-2 inhibition	Brune and Hinz (2004)
Pioglitazone	Actos™	Type 2 diabetes	Insulin-sensitizer with anti-inflammatory capacity	Lee et al. (2006)
Anti-neoplastic agents
Vincristine	Vincristin liquid, Lilly™	Solid tumors, ALL, NHL	Tubulin binding, inhibiting mitotic spindle formation resulting in deadlock of mitosis in the metaphase	Gidding et al. (1999)
Paclitaxel	Taxol®-100	Ovarian carcinoma, mammary carcinoma	Binding to microtubules, disturbing its dynamic reorganization in interphase and mitosis	Blagosklonny and Fojo (1999)
Carboplatin	Ribocarbo®-L	Epithelial ovary carcinoma, small cell bronchial carcinoma, head-and-neck tumors, urinary bladder carcinoma, tumors of the testis	Crosslinking of DNA single and double strands resulting in inhibiting the template function of the DNA	O’Dwyer et al. (2000)
Doxorubicin	Doxo-cell™	Different haematological diseases and solid tumors	Intercalation into DNA, resulting in steric hindrance of DNA and RNA synthesis	Ciocca et al. (2003)
Fludarabine	Fludara®	B-CLL	Metabolite interferes with DNA synthesis by inhibiting ribonucleic reductase, DNA polymerase α/δ and ɛ, DNA primase, DNA ligase; reducing protein synthesis by partially inhibiting RNA polymerase II	Eissner et al. (2002), Parker et al. (2004)
Ifosfamide	IFEX®	ALL, different solid tumors	DNA alkylation, DNA strand cross-linking	Botzler et al. (1997)
Cytarabine	Ara-cell™	ALL, NHL, AML	Metabolite ARA-CTP competitively inhibits DNA polymerase, inhibiting DNA synthesis by building-in in DNA	Grant (1998)
Redifferentiating agents
Retinoids		ATRA: APL (AML-M3); 13-cis retinoic acid: leukoplakia, melanoma, ENT tumor, neuroblastoma, non-small cell bronchial carcinoma	Regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, homeostasis. promoting differentiation of tumor cells to a more benign cell type	Callari et al. (2003), Freemantle et al. (2003), Gendimenico and Mezick (1993)