Membrane-interactive substances |
Alkyl-lysophospholipid 1-octadecyl-2-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3) |
Edelfosine |
|
Inhibitor of the PI3K pathway, inhibitor of PKC, inhibitor of PI PLC |
Dimanche-Boitrel et al. (2005), Heczkova and Slotte (2006) |
Anti-inflammatory agents |
Acetyl-salicylic acid |
Aspisol® |
Analgesic, anti-phlogistic, anti-pyretic, inhibitor of platelet aggregation |
COX-1/COX-2 inhibition |
Ulrich et al. (2006) |
Celecoxib |
Celebrex™ |
Osteoarthrosis, chronic polyarthritis |
COX-2 inhibition |
Kismet et al. (2004), Mardini and FitzGerald (2001) |
Rofecoxib |
Vioxx® |
Osteoarthrosis, analgesic |
COX-2 inhibition |
Brune and Hinz (2004) |
Pioglitazone |
Actos™ |
Type 2 diabetes |
Insulin-sensitizer with anti-inflammatory capacity |
Lee et al. (2006) |
Anti-neoplastic agents |
Vincristine |
Vincristin liquid, Lilly™ |
Solid tumors, ALL, NHL |
Tubulin binding, inhibiting mitotic spindle formation resulting in deadlock of mitosis in the metaphase |
Gidding et al. (1999) |
Paclitaxel |
Taxol®-100 |
Ovarian carcinoma, mammary carcinoma |
Binding to microtubules, disturbing its dynamic reorganization in interphase and mitosis |
Blagosklonny and Fojo (1999) |
Carboplatin |
Ribocarbo®-L |
Epithelial ovary carcinoma, small cell bronchial carcinoma, head-and-neck tumors, urinary bladder carcinoma, tumors of the testis |
Crosslinking of DNA single and double strands resulting in inhibiting the template function of the DNA |
O’Dwyer et al. (2000) |
Doxorubicin |
Doxo-cell™ |
Different haematological diseases and solid tumors |
Intercalation into DNA, resulting in steric hindrance of DNA and RNA synthesis |
Ciocca et al. (2003) |
Fludarabine |
Fludara® |
B-CLL |
Metabolite interferes with DNA synthesis by inhibiting ribonucleic reductase, DNA polymerase α/δ and ɛ, DNA primase, DNA ligase; reducing protein synthesis by partially inhibiting RNA polymerase II |
Eissner et al. (2002), Parker et al. (2004) |
Ifosfamide |
IFEX® |
ALL, different solid tumors |
DNA alkylation, DNA strand cross-linking |
Botzler et al. (1997) |
Cytarabine |
Ara-cell™ |
ALL, NHL, AML |
Metabolite ARA-CTP competitively inhibits DNA polymerase, inhibiting DNA synthesis by building-in in DNA |
Grant (1998) |
Redifferentiating agents |
Retinoids |
|
ATRA: APL (AML-M3); 13-cis retinoic acid: leukoplakia, melanoma, ENT tumor, neuroblastoma, non-small cell bronchial carcinoma |
Regulation of cell growth, apoptosis, homeostasis. promoting differentiation of tumor cells to a more benign cell type |
Callari et al. (2003), Freemantle et al. (2003), Gendimenico and Mezick (1993) |