Table 2.
Effect of target hemoglobin on quality of life scores
| Baseline Values
|
Change from Baseline in High Target (vs. Change from Baseline in Low Target) Week
|
P1 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target Hemoglobin g/dl
|
||||||||||
| 10.5 - 11.5 | 13.5 - 14.5 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 | 96 | ||
| Burden of kidney disease | 47.1 | 44.8 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 4.9* | 1.6 | 2.1 | 0.34 |
| (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.2) | (2.2) | (2.2) | ||
| Quality of social interaction | 66.6 | 62.8 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 0.76 |
| (2.2) | (2.3) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.9) | (1.9) | ||
| Cognitive function | 69.9 | 63.3 | 2.9 | 3.8* | 2.2 | 4.7** | 2.5 | 2.4 | 4.3* | 0.20 |
| (2.3) | (2.4) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.8) | (2.5) | (1.9) | (1.9) | ||
| Symptoms/problems | 80.3 | 80.0 | 0.5 | -0.5 | 0.1 | -0.3 | -0.1 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.91 |
| (1.0) | (1.1) | (1.2) | (1.3) | (1.3) | (1.3) | (1.30) | (1.4) | (1.4) | ||
| Effects of kidney disease | 64.6 | 65.2 | -0.2 | 1.2 | -0.7 | -0.1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.77 |
| (1.5) | (1.5) | (1.5) | (1.5) | (1.6) | (1.6) | (1.6) | (1.7) | (1.7) | ||
| Sexual function | 69.3 | 62.3 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 6.5* | 3.1 | 5.6 | 0.54 |
| (2.6) | (2.7) | (2.9) | (3.0) | (3.0) | (3.1) | (3.2) | (3.3) | (3.3) | ||
| Sleep | 67.9 | 64.7 | -0.5 | 1.0 | -1.0 | -0.9 | -0.3 | -1.7 | -2.0 | 0.72 |
| (1.4) | (1.4) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.9) | (1.8) | ||
| Social support | 75.2 | 74.0 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.7 | -1.6 | 0.92 |
| (1.7) | (1.8) | (2.7) | (2.7) | (2.7) | (2.8) | (2.9) | (2.9) | (2.9) | ||
| Work status | 40.3 | 34.4 | 1.4 | -0.6 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 5.2 | 0.39 |
| (3.0) | (3.1) | (2.9) | (3.0) | (3.0) | (3.1) | (3.2) | (3.2) | (3.2) | ||
| Dialysis staff | 82.6 | 79.7 | 3.0 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 0.49 |
| encouragement | (1.5) | (1.5) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.1) | (2.2) | (2.2) | |
| Patient satisfaction rating | 75.9 | 77.3 | -0.8 | -0.2 | 0.4 | -2.6 | 0.5 | 0.1 | -1.2 | 0.76 |
| (1.5) | (1.6) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.1) | (2.1) | ||
| Overall health rating | 62.0 | 62.0 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.76 |
| (1.4) | (1.5) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.1) | ||
| Physical functioning | 67.1 | 62.5 | 3.1 | 4.6* | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.4* | 5.1* | 2.4 | 0.32 |
| (1.8) | (1.9) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.1) | (2.2) | (2.2) | ||
| Role limitations -physical | 48.4 | 47.7 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 9.7* | -1.3 | 0.33 |
| (3.1) | (3.2) | (4.4) | (4.4) | (4.4) | (4.5) | (4.7) | (4.8) | (4.8) | ||
| Pain | 72.0 | 70.7 | -2.5 | 1.4 | -0.9 | -2.2 | 3.5 | 0.6 | -0.7 | 0.34 |
| (2.0) | (2.0) | (2.6) | (2.6) | (2.7) | (2.7) | (2.8) | (2.9) | (2.9) | ||
| General health | 49.4 | 48.6 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 4.0* | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.35 |
| (1.6) | (1.6) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.7) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.9) | (1.9) | ||
| Emotional well-being | 74.0 | 67.8 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 3.9* | 2.1 | 4.5* | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.21 |
| (1.4) | (1.6) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.8) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (1.9) | ||
| Role limitations -emotional | 68.4 | 69.1 | -3.8 | -2.1 | -1.7 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.3 | -0.8 | 0.95 |
| (3.0) | (3.0) | (4.4) | (4.4) | (4.4) | (4.5) | (4.7) | (4.8) | (4.8) | ||
| Social function | 74.5 | 71.4 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 5.8* | 4.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.25 |
| (1.7) | (1.9) | (2.4) | (2.5) | (2.5) | (2.5) | (2.6) | (2.7) | (2.7) | ||
| Energy/fatigue | 57.9 | 53.9 | 6.2** | 5.7** | 3.8* | 5.4** | 7.9*** | 5.4* | 3.2 | 0.0066 |
| (1.5) | (1.7) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (1.9) | (2.0) | (2.1) | (2.1) | (2.1) | ||
Repeated measures analysis of variance with mixed modeling was used to estimate changes in quality of life over time. Positive values represent improvements in quality of life. Parameter estimates are presented with standard errors in parentheses.
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01,
***
P < 0.001,
¶P < 0.0001 for the effect of target hemoglobin at week 24, 36, 48, 72, or 96.