Table 1.
Examples of published reports describing the effects of increasing numbers of eggs (due either to larger clutch size or communal oviposition) on survivorship or phenotypes of offspring.
| species | effect of increasing egg number | reference |
|---|---|---|
| ladybird (Adalia bipunctata and Coccinella septempunctata) | decrease predation | Agarwala & Dixon (1993) |
| ladybird (Cycloneda sanguinea, Harmonia axyridis and Olla v-nigrum) | increased cannibalism | Michaud & Grant (2004) |
| leaf miner (Leucoptera sinuella) | decrease egg survival, larval survival and body size | Kagata & Ohgushi (2004) |
| weevil (Curculio elephas) | decrease larval mass | Desouhant et al. (2000) |
| seed beetle (Stator limbatus) | increased parasitism | Siemens & Johnson (1992) |
| seed beetle (Stator limbatus) | decrease survival, body size and development time | Fox et al. (1996) |
| butterfly (Chlosyne lacinia) | increase egg survival through desiccation resistance, decrease survival through cannibalism | Clark & Faeth (1998) |
| Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) | decrease survival and body size | Withers et al. (1997) |
| gall-making Diptera (Asteromyia carbonifera) | decrease parasitoid attack, increase sibling competition | Weis et al. (1983) |
| parasitic wasp (Hyssopus pallidus) | decrease body size | Zaviezo & Mills (2000) |
| mite (Iphiseius degenerans) | decrease predation of eggs | Faraji et al. (2002) |
| squid (Sepioteuthis australis) | decrease hatch success and developmental rate | Steer et al. (2003) and Steer & Moltschaniwskyj (2007) |
| gastropod (Melanochlamys diomedea) | decrease developmental rate | Chaffee & Strathmann (1984) |
| goby (Gymnogobius isaza) | increase fungal infection of eggs | Takahashi et al. (2004) |
| frog (Bufo boreas and Rana cascadae) | decrease egg survival through fungal infection | Kiesecker & Blaustein (1997) |
| frog (Rana sphenocephala) | decrease risk of pathogen infection | Ruthig (2008) |
| lizard (Lacerta schreiberi) | influence hatchling mass via water uptake | Marco et al. (2004) |
| lizard (Bassiana duperreyi) | increase hatchling mass via water uptake | Radder & Shine (2007) |