TABLE 2.
Estimated adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for the association of SUA with overall and site-specific cancer incidence from restricted maximum-likelihood (REML)-optimal extended Cox-type additive hazard regression using a penalized spline expansion of time-varying SUAa
| Site-specific cancers | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cancers | Digestive organs | Respiratory system and intrathoracic organs | Bone, connective tissue, soft tissue and skin | Genital organs | Urinary organs | Lymphoid, hematopoietic, and related tissue | |
| SUA | (n = 5189) | (n = 1243) | (n = 883) | (n = 446) | (n = 1850) | (n = 447) | (n = 320) |
| 2.0 mg/dL | 1.06 (0.91–1.24) | 1.23 (0.87–1.74) | 0.86 (0.71–1.05) | 0.89 (0.66–1.20) | 1.00 (0.90–1.12) | 1.10 (0.74–1.63) | 1.21 (0.77–1.92) |
| 3.0 mg/dL | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 1.09 (0.92–1.30) | 0.91 (0.82–1.02) | 0.93 (0.80–1.09) | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 1.09 (0.86–1.37) |
| 4.5mg/dL | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) |
| 6.0 mg/dL | 1.02 (0.97–1.06) | 1.03 (0.94–1.13) | 1.11 (1.03–1.20) | 1.07 (0.96–1.18) | 1.00 (0.95–1.06) | 1.08 (0.97–1.22) | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) |
| 7.0 mg/dL | 1.05 (0.99–1.19) | 1.09 (0.96–1.23) | 1.21 (1.08–1.35) | 1.13 (0.97–1.31) | 1.00 (0.93–1.09) | 1.20 (1.03–1.41) | 1.20 (1.00–1.44) |
| 8.0 mg/dL | 1.11 (1.03–1.20) | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) | 1.32 (1.14–1.54) | 1.22 (1.00–1.48) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 1.36 (1.12–1.65) | 1.40 (1.12–1.74) |
| 9.0 mg/dL | 1.18 (1.07–1.31) | 1.44 (1.20–1.74) | 1.46 (1.20–1.78) | 1.34 (1.03–1.74) | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | 1.54 (1.19–1.99) | 1.65 (1.24–2.20) |
| 10.0 mg/dL | 1.25 (1.08–1.46) | 1.71 (1.29–2.25) | 1.61 (1.24–2.10) | 1.49 (1.04–2.12) | 1.02 (0.85–1.24) | 1.73 (1.19–2.51) | 1.94 (1.28–2.94) |
| 11.0 mg/dL | 1.31 (1.05–1.66) | 1.97 (1.27–3.07) | 1.78 (1.26–2.51) | 1.65 (1.02–2.67) | 1.03 (0.81–1.31) | 1.92 (1.11–3.33) | 2.24 (1.20–4.19) |
SUA = serum uric acid.
a
All models are adjusted for age and body mass index (modeled as cubic polynomials), smoking status (current, former, never), occupational status (blue collar, white collar, self-employed), and year of entry into the cohort. SUA was modeled as a time-varying covariate. Participants with SUA values > 12.0 mg/dL at baseline or with a history of malignant cancers before enrollment were excluded.