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. 2009 Feb 25;89(4):1188–1196. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26765

TABLE 3.

Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women by alcohol intake category1

Intake (drinks/d)2
0 0–0.5 0.5–1 1–2 >2 P (ANCOVA) P for trend
Total alcohol3
 No. of subjects 339 548 176 132 94
 Total hip (g/cm2) 0.880a (0.863, 0.897) 0.890 (0.875, 0.905) 0.900 (0.879, 0.920) 0.901 (0.878, 0.923) 0.924b (0.898, 0.950) 0.03 0.001
 Femoral neck (g/cm2) 0.836a (0.819, 0.853) 0.848 (0.833, 0.863) 0.852 (0.832, 0.872) 0.854 (0.832, 0.877) 0.883b (0.857, 0.909) 0.02 0.001
 Trochanter (g/cm2) 0.687a (0.672, 0.703) 0.697 (0.683, 0.710) 0.710 (0.691, 0.728) 0.709 (0.688, 0.729) 0.733b (0.710, 0.757) 0.004 0.0002
 Spine (g/cm2) 1.107a (1.081, 1.133) 1.126 (1.104, 1.149) 1.146 (1.115, 1.177) 1.146 (1.112, 1.181) 1.189b (1.149, 1.228) 0.003 <0.0001
Beer34
 No. of subjects 983 263 435 — —
 Total hip (g/cm2) 0.889 (0.876, 0.902) 0.900 (0.882, 0.918) 0.916 (0.880, 0.953) — — 0.17 0.16
 Femoral neck (g/cm2) 0.844 (0.830, 0.857) 0.858 (0.840, 0.876) 0.885 (0.849, 0.921) — — 0.03 0.03
 Trochanter (g/cm2) 0.698 (0.685, 0.710) 0.704 (0.687, 0.720) 0.721 (0.688, 0.755) — — 0.34 0.21
 Spine (g/cm2) 1.126 (1.105, 1.146) 1.141 (1.113, 1.169) 1.158 (1.102, 1.213) — — 0.31 0.19
Wine34
 No. of subjects 474 608 115 61 31
 Total hip (g/cm2) 0.886 (0.870, 0.901) 0.895 (0.880, 0.910) 0.904 (0.880, 0.928) 0.905 (0.874, 0.937) 0.938 (0.895, 0.980) 0.09 0.02
 Femoral neck (g/cm2) 0.840 (0.825, 0.856) 0.853 (0.838, 0.867) 0.853 (0.829, 0.877) 0.858 (0.826, 0.889) 0.891 (0.849, 0.933) 0.08 0.048
 Trochanter (g/cm2) 0.681a (0.677, 0.706) 0.703 (0.689, 0.716) 0.711 (0.689, 0.733) 0.704 (0.675, 0.733) 0.754b (0.715, 0.793) 0.01 0.008
 Spine (g/cm2) 1.114a (1.090, 1.138) 1.132 (1.110, 1.155) 1.160 (1.124, 1.197) 1.161 (1.113, 1.209) 1.206b (1.142, 1.270) 0.006 0.002
Liquor34
 No. of subjects 780 377 68 32 32
 Total hip (g/cm2) 0.888 (0.873, 0.902) 0.899 (0.883, 0.915) 0.897 (0.867, 0.927) 0.905 (0.863, 0.946) 0.918 (0.876, 0.959) 0.37 0.10
 Femoral neck (g/cm2) 0.844 (0.830, 0.859) 0.854 (0.838, 0.870) 0.845 (0.815, 0.875) 0.877 (0.836, 0.919) 0.864 (0.823, 0.905) 0.32 0.13
 Trochanter (g/cm2) 0.696 (0.682, 0.709) 0.703 (0.688, 0.717) 0.708 (0.680, 0.735) 0.709 (0.671, 0.747) 0.730 (0.691, 0.768) 0.35 0.045
 Spine (g/cm2) 1.118a (1.096, 1.140) 1.143 (1.118, 1.167) 1.132 (1.086, 1.177) 1.138 (1.075, 1.201) 1.206b (1.143, 1.269) 0.03 0.01
1

All values are least-squares means (95% CIs). Values in the same row with different superscript letters are significantly different, P < 0.05.

2

One drink = 13.2 g alcohol.

3

Adjusted for age, sex, smoking, osteoporosis medication use, estrogen use, BMI, height, physical activity, and calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, protein, and total energy intakes.

4

Also adjusted for grams of alcohol from other sources.

5

There were insufficient numbers of women in the >1 drink/d category; therefore, this category is actually >0.5 drinks/d.