TABLE 3.
TCF7L2 genotype and risk of type 2 diabetes by tertile of dietary glycemic load, glycemic index, and cereal fiber and carbohydrate intakes
| Dietary factors |
||||
| TCF7L2 genotype | Low | Intermediate | High | P for interaction |
| Glycemic load | ||||
| Model 11 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.03 (0.76, 1.41) | 1.18 (0.88, 1.59) | 1.70 (1.27, 2.28) | |
| TT | 1.54 (0.91, 2.61) | 2.36 (1.45, 3.84) | 2.49 (1.54, 4.04) | |
| Additive | 1.15 (0.92, 1.45) | 1.39 (1.13, 1.72) | 1.62 (1.32, 2.00) | 0.03 |
| Model 22 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.06 (0.77, 1.47) | 1.16 (0.86, 1.58) | 1.75 (1.29, 2.36) | |
| TT | 1.66 (0.95, 2.88) | 2.27 (1.37, 3.75) | 2.71 (1.64, 4.46) | |
| Additive | 1.19 (0.94, 1.51) | 1.37 (1.10, 1.71) | 1.68 (1.35, 2.09) | 0.03 |
| Glycemic index | ||||
| Model 11 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 0.96 (0.70, 1.30) | 1.45 (1.07, 1.95) | 1.43 (1.07, 1.91) | |
| TT | 1.71 (1.06, 2.77) | 1.86 (1.09, 3.16) | 2.80 (1.72, 4.54) | |
| Additive | 1.17 (0.95, 1.45) | 1.40 (1.12, 1.75) | 1.58 (1.28, 1.95) | 0.05 |
| Model 22 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 0.88 (0.64, 1.21) | 1.45 (1.06, 1.97) | 1.39 (1.03, 1.87) | |
| TT | 1.82 (1.11, 3.01) | 1.88 (1.09, 3.23) | 2.69 (1.64, 4.43) | |
| Additive | 1.16 (0.93, 1.46) | 1.40 (1.12, 1.76) | 1.54 (1.24, 1.92) | 0.06 |
| Cereal fiber | ||||
| Model 11 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.57 (1.16, 2.13) | 1.20 (0.90, 1.59) | 1.12 (0.82, 1.52) | |
| TT | 2.43 (1.52, 3.88) | 2.13 (1.30, 3.50) | 1.85 (1.09, 3.13) | |
| Additive | 1.56 (1.27, 1.93) | 1.35 (1.09, 1.66) | 1.26 (1.00, 1.57) | 0.18 |
| Model 22 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.55 (1.14, 2.12) | 1.16 (0.86, 1.56) | 1.01 (0.73, 1.38) | |
| TT | 2.62 (1.61, 4.27) | 1.86 (1.11, 3.12) | 1.69 (0.99, 2.91) | |
| Additive | 1.60 (1.28, 1.98) | 1.28 (1.03, 1.59) | 1.18 (0.93, 1.49) | 0.14 |
| %Carbohydrate | ||||
| Model 11 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.12 (0.82, 1.52) | 1.32 (0.98, 1.78) | 1.40 (1.05, 1.87) | |
| TT | 1.80 (1.08, 3.02) | 2.55 (1.50, 4.35) | 2.25 (1.43, 3.55) | |
| Additive | 1.25 (1.00, 1.57) | 1.47 (1.18, 1.84) | 1.47 (1.20, 1.80) | 0.19 |
| Model 22 | ||||
| GG | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| GT | 1.13 (0.82, 1.56) | 1.24 (0.91, 1.69) | 1.38 (1.03, 1.86) | |
| TT | 1.92 (1.12, 3.30) | 2.42 (1.40, 4.18) | 2.33 (1.46, 3.72) | |
| Additive | 1.28 (1.02, 1.62) | 1.42 (1.12, 1.78) | 1.48 (1.20, 1.82) | 0.18 |
1
Results from unconditional logistic regression that included age and BMI (5 categories).
2
Model 1 plus adjustments for smoking (never, past, or current), alcohol (g/d), coffee (5 categories), menopausal status [pre- or postmenopausal (never, past, or current hormone use)], quintiles of physical activity (h/wk), and quintiles of energy-adjusted ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids and trans fat (g/d) and cereal fiber (g/d) intakes.