TABLE 4.

Multivariate relative risks and 95% CIs of total cancer according to intake of selected flavonoid-rich foods¹

	Frequency of intake
	<1 serving/mo	1–3 servings/mo	1 serving/wk	≥2 servings/wk	P for linear trend2
Tea
No. of cases/no. of women	1055/12,376	532/6157	313/3719	1287/15,625
Multivariate adjusted	1.00 (reference)	1.08 (0.97, 1.20)	1.00 (0.88, 1.15)	1.02 (0.94, 1.11)	0.98
Apples
No. of cases/no. of women	295/3556	758/9178	737/8510	1400/16,781
Multivariate adjusted	1.00 (reference)	1.07 (0.92, 1.23)	1.14 (0.98, 1.32)	1.13 (0.97, 1.30)	0.25
Broccoli
No. of cases/no. of women	189/2170	770/9087	1170/14,093	1090/12,851
Multivariate adjusted	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (0.85, 1.19)	1.00 (0.85, 1.18)	1.05 (0.88, 1.25)	0.28
Onion
No. of cases/no. of women	1349/16,297	852/9827	526/6191	469/5693
Multivariate adjusted	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (0.91, 1.09)	0.95 (0.85, 1.06)	0.92 (0.82, 1.03)	0.11
Tofu
No. of cases/no. of women	2949/34,741	172/2141	48/ 664	27/392
Multivariate adjusted	1.00 (reference)	0.98 (0.83, 1.16)	0.89 (0.65, 1.21)	0.91 (0.61, 1.35)	0.46

¹Model adjusted for age (continuous); race (white, nonwhite); total energy intake (continuous); randomized treatment assignment (aspirin, vitamin E, β-carotene, or corresponding placebos); smoking (never; former; current, <15 cigarettes/d; current, ≥15 cigarettes/d); alcohol use (0, >0 to <5, 5 to <15, ≥15 g/d); physical activity (<200, 200 to <600, 600 to <1500, ≥1500 kcal/wk); postmenopausal status (yes, no, uncertain); hormone replacement therapy use (never, former, current); multivitamin use (never, former, current); BMI (continuous); family history of colorectal cancer, ovary cancer, or breast cancer (yes, no); and intake of fruit and vegetables, fiber, folate, and saturated fat (continuous).

²Linear trends were tested by using the median value of each intake category as an ordinal variable.