Table 1.
Putative paracrine factors secreted by adult stem cells
| Putative secreted factor | Abbreviation | Proposed Function |
|---|---|---|
| Adrenomedullin | ADM | Cytoprotection |
| Angio-associated migratory protein | AAMP | Angiogenesis |
| Angiogenin | ANG | Angiogenesis, cell proliferation |
| Angiopoetin-1 | AGPT1 | Cell migration, vessel stabilization |
| Bone morphogenetic protein-2 | BMP2 | Development |
| Bone morphogenetic protein-6 | BMP6 | Cell differentiation, growth |
| Connective tissue growth factor | CTGF | Angiogenesis, cell growth |
| Endothelin-1 | EDN1 | Cytoprotection, cell proliferation |
| Fibroblast growth factor-2 | FGF2 | Cell proliferation and migration |
| Fibroblast growth factor-7 | FGF7 | Cell proliferation and stabilization |
| Hepatocyte growth factor | HGF | Cytoprotection, angiogenesis, cell migration |
| Insulin-like growth factor-1 | IGF-1 | Cytoprotection, cell migration, contractility |
| Interleukin-1 | IL-1 | VEGF induction |
| Interleukin-6 | IL-6 | VEGF induction |
| Interleukin-11 | IL-11 | Cytoprotection |
| Kit ligand/Stem cell factor | KITLG (SCF) | Cell proliferation and migration |
| Leukemia inhibitory factor | LIF | Cell proliferation, cytoprotection |
| Macrophage migration inhibitory factor | MIF | Cell proliferation, inflammatory response |
| Matrix metalloproteinase-1 | MMP1 | Loosens matrix, tubule formation |
| Matrix metalloproteinase-2 | MMP2 | Loosens matrix, tubule formation |
| Matrix metalloproteinase-9 | MMP9 | Loosens matrix |
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 | MCP-1 | Monocyte migration |
| Macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor | M-CSF | Monocyte proliferation/migration |
| Placental growth factor | PGF | Cell proliferation |
| Plasminogen activator | PA | Degrading matrix molecules |
| Platelet-derived growth factor | PDGF | Cell proliferation and migration |
| Pleiotrophin | PTN | Cell proliferation |
| Secreted frizzled-related protein-1 | SFRP1 | Development |
| Secreted frizzled-related protein-2 | SFRP2 | Development |
| Stem cell-derived factor-1 | SDF-1 | Progenitor cell homing |
| Thrombospondin-1 | THBS1 | Cell migration |
| Thymosin-β4 | TMSB4 | Cell migration, cytoprotection |
| Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 | TIMP-1 | Cell migration |
| Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 | TIMP-2 | Cell migration |
| Transforming growth factor-β | TGF-β | Vessel maturation, cell proliferation |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α | TNF-α | Degrade matrix molecules, cell proliferation |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor | VEGF | Cytoprotection, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis |