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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 21.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2008 Nov 21;103(11):1204–1219. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.176826

Table 1.

Putative paracrine factors secreted by adult stem cells

Putative secreted factor Abbreviation Proposed Function
Adrenomedullin ADM Cytoprotection
Angio-associated migratory protein AAMP Angiogenesis
Angiogenin ANG Angiogenesis, cell proliferation
Angiopoetin-1 AGPT1 Cell migration, vessel stabilization
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 BMP2 Development
Bone morphogenetic protein-6 BMP6 Cell differentiation, growth
Connective tissue growth factor CTGF Angiogenesis, cell growth
Endothelin-1 EDN1 Cytoprotection, cell proliferation
Fibroblast growth factor-2 FGF2 Cell proliferation and migration
Fibroblast growth factor-7 FGF7 Cell proliferation and stabilization
Hepatocyte growth factor HGF Cytoprotection, angiogenesis, cell migration
Insulin-like growth factor-1 IGF-1 Cytoprotection, cell migration, contractility
Interleukin-1 IL-1 VEGF induction
Interleukin-6 IL-6 VEGF induction
Interleukin-11 IL-11 Cytoprotection
Kit ligand/Stem cell factor KITLG (SCF) Cell proliferation and migration
Leukemia inhibitory factor LIF Cell proliferation, cytoprotection
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor MIF Cell proliferation, inflammatory response
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 MMP1 Loosens matrix, tubule formation
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 MMP2 Loosens matrix, tubule formation
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 MMP9 Loosens matrix
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 MCP-1 Monocyte migration
Macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor M-CSF Monocyte proliferation/migration
Placental growth factor PGF Cell proliferation
Plasminogen activator PA Degrading matrix molecules
Platelet-derived growth factor PDGF Cell proliferation and migration
Pleiotrophin PTN Cell proliferation
Secreted frizzled-related protein-1 SFRP1 Development
Secreted frizzled-related protein-2 SFRP2 Development
Stem cell-derived factor-1 SDF-1 Progenitor cell homing
Thrombospondin-1 THBS1 Cell migration
Thymosin-β4 TMSB4 Cell migration, cytoprotection
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 TIMP-1 Cell migration
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 TIMP-2 Cell migration
Transforming growth factor-β TGF-β Vessel maturation, cell proliferation
Tumor necrosis factor-α TNF-α Degrade matrix molecules, cell proliferation
Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF Cytoprotection, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis