Table 3.
Descriptive statistics for working-side mandibular corpus strains at peak γmax in goats and alpacas
| Animal-Exp. No. | Gauge side | No. of chewing cycles | Principal tension (ε1)Mean ± SD/Largest | Principal compression (ε2)Mean ± SD/Largest | Maximum shear (γmax)Mean ± SD/Largest | ε1/ε2 Mean ± SD | Direction of ε1(°)* Mean ± SD (Range) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goat | |||||||
| G1-1 | L | 67 | 370 ± 93/533 | –255 ± 62/–367 | 625 ± 154/886 | 1.46 ± 0.12 | 33 ± 4.7 (24–45) |
| R | 116 | 436 ± 92/605 | –372 ± 78/–543 | 808 ± 167/1119 | 1.18 ± 0.11 | 48 ± 3.2 (42–69) | |
| G1-2 | L | 71 | 494 ± 60/640 | –301 ± 53/–390 | 796 ± 106/1002 | 1.67 ± 0.22 | 43 ± 1.9 (37–46) |
| G1-3 | R-Sup | 82 | 402 ± 95/551 | –307 ± 69/–417 | 709 ± 163/968 | 1.30 ± 0.06 | 12 ± 3.4 (6–25) |
| R-Inf | 82 | 389 ± 95/550 | –273 ± 60/–374 | 662 ± 154/924 | 1.42 ± 0.06 | 8 ± 2.2 (5–23) | |
| G1-4 | L | 67 | 277 ± 72/382 | –141 ± 37/–196 | 418 ± 108/578 | 1.97 ± 0.04 | 31 ± 1.8 (27–35) |
| G2-1 | L | 138 | 249 ± 65/386 | –192 ± 51/–301 | 441 ± 115/687 | 1.30 ± 0.08 | 30 ± 2.7 (23–39) |
| R | 160 | 189 ± 38/287 | –200 ± 32/–266 | 389 ± 68/552 | 0.94 ± 0.11 | 23 ± 3.2 (15–32) | |
| G2-2 | L-Sup | 60 | 105 ± 44/228 | –59 ± 31/–136 | 164 ± 73/364 | 2.0 ± 0.66 | 37 ± 5 (27–48) |
| L-Inf | 60 | 46 ± 17/92 | –67 ± 24/–127 | 114 ± 41/217 | 0.7 ± 0.04 | 35 ± 2 (32–40) | |
| Goat Mean ± SD | 296 ± 148 | –217 ± 104 | 513 ± 247 | 1.39 ± 0.42 | 30 ± 13 | ||
| 95% CI for Grand Mean | 203–387 | –281 to –152 | 359–666 | 1.14–1.65 | 22.11–37.77 | ||
| Alpaca | |||||||
| A1-1 | L | 78 | 304 ± 64/444 | –251 ± 51/–358 | 555 ± 114/796 | 1.21 ± 0.06 | 40 ± 2.4 (33–46) |
| A1-2 | L | 73 | 345 ± 45/454 | –259 ± 33/–337 | 589 ± 71/744 | 1.34 ± 0.15 | 26 ± 3.9 (18–37) |
| R | 66 | 168 ± 27/220 | –184 ± 26/–239 | 353 ± 53/458 | 0.91 ± 0.04 | 32 ± 4.4 (25–43) | |
| A1-3 | R | 44 | 224 ± 50/340 | –127 ± 26/–187 | 319 ± 70/475 | 1.78 ± 0.24 | 5 ± 2.8 (0–11) |
| A2-1 | R | 214 | 598 ± 147/987 | –416 ± 90/–635 | 1015 ± 235/1621 | 1.43 ± 0.12 | 24 ± 2.3 (20–33) |
| A2-2 | L | 89 | 156 ± 25/223 | –139 ± 24/–190 | 288 ± 48/406 | 1.12 ± 0.09 | 34 ± 3.8 (24–44) |
| R | 85 | 500 ± 124/798 | –444 ± 131/–774 | 927 ± 248/1552 | 1.14 ± 0.10 | 39 ± 2.7 (29–45) | |
| A2-3 | R-Sup | 76 | 446 ± 69/634 | –399 ± 60/–558 | 845 ± 128/1191 | 1.12 ± 0.04 | 46 ± 1.5 (43–49) |
| R-Inf | 76 | 321 ± 49/454 | –315 ± 49/–449 | 635 ± 98/902 | 1.02 ± 0.03 | 37 ± 1.3 (33–39) | |
| A3-2 | R | 17 | 464 ± 83/592 | –316 ± 36/–397 | 780 ± 113/989 | 1.46 ± 0.18 | 33 ± 2.3 (30–39) |
| A4-1 | R | 77 | 645 ± 119/1006 | –386 ± 71/–562 | 1031 ± 188/1568 | 1.68 ± 0.11 | 41 ± 3.3 (34–39) |
| Alpaca Mean ± SD | 379 ± 165 | –294 ± 112 | 667 ± 274 | 1.29 ± 0.27 | 32 ± 11 | ||
| 95% CI for grand mean | 281–477 | –228–360 | 505–829 | 1.13–1.45 | 25.82–38.98 | ||
*
The orientation of ε1is given relative to the long axis of the corpus.