Table 1.
Occurrence of alkaloids in skin extracts of two Argentinian species of Melanophryniscus.a
| Alkaloid | M. klappenbachi | M. cupreuscapularis | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pumiliotoxins | |||
| 251D (4) | ++ | ---- | |
| 277B | ---- | + | |
| 307F | ---- | +,+ | |
| 307G | ---- | + | |
| 323A | + | ---- | |
| Homopumiliotoxins | |||
| 249F (3) | ++,+ | +++,++,+ | |
| 265N | + | ---- | |
| Decahydroquinolines | |||
| 223F (5) | ++,+ | --- | |
| 269AB | + | + | |
| 269B | + | ---- | |
| 271D | + | ---- | |
| 3,5-Disubstituted Indolizidines | |||
| 195B | + | ---- | |
| 5Z,9Z-223AB | + | + | |
| 239Q (1) | +++ | +++ | |
| 5,8-Disubstituted Indolizidines | |||
| 207A | + | ---- | |
| 223D (6) | ++ | ---- | |
| 259B | + | ++,++ | |
| Dehydro-5,8-Disubstituted Indolizidines | |||
| 219G | + | ---- | |
| 249L | + | ---- | |
| 1,4-Disubstituted Quinolizidines | |||
| 259E | ---- | + | |
| 4,6-Disubstituted Quinolizidines | |||
| 275I (2) | +++ | ++ | |
| 279H | ---- | + | |
| Izidines | |||
| 211C | ---- | + | |
| Tricyclics | |||
| 193C | ---- | + | |
| 205H | ---- | + | |
| 205I | + | + | |
| 235M | ---- | + | |
| Unclassified | |||
| 193K | ---- | + | |
| 207S | + | ++ | |
| 209R | ---- | + | |
| 223EE | + | ---- | |
| 223T | + | + | |
| 235S | + | ++ | |
| 293H | ---- | + | |
| 305H | ---- | + | |
| 307J | + | ---- | |
a
Major (+++, > 50 µg/100 mg skin); Minor (++, <50 and >5 µg per 100 mg skin); Trace (+, <5 µg per 100 mg skin). Two or more entries for an alkaloid in any species indicate isomers. Other trace alkaloids were present, but data was not sufficient to assign a code number and letter. For structures of some of the above alkaloids, including tentative structures, see Figure 1 and Daly et al., 2005. The postulated structure of 259B requires revision (Nelson et al., 2008), as does that of 207S.