FIG. 3.

Recognition of PAMPs from different classes of microbial pathogens. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa display several different PAMPs, some of which are shared between different classes of pathogens. Major PAMPs are nucleic acids, including DNA, dsRNA, ssRNA, and 5′-triphosphate RNA, as well as surface glycoproteins (GP), lipoproteins (LP), and membrane components (peptidoglycans [PG], lipoteichoic acid [LTA], LPS, and GPI anchors). These PAMPs are recognized by different families of PRRs.