. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Apr 13.

Published in final edited form as: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Jul 5;16(6):637–658. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2005.05.008

Table 7.

Sulfated chemokine receptors

Receptor	Residues^a	Cell type	Ligand	Effect	Reference^b
CCR2B	Y₂₆	HEK293^c	None	= Surface expression	[153]
			CCL2	+ Binding; Ca; cAMP inhibition	[153]
				= Lamellipodium formation^d; Chemo^d	[153]
CCR5	(Y₃); Y₁₀; Y₁₄; (Y₁₅)	Cf2Th-CD4^c; HeLa^c	None	= Surface expression	[132]
		Cf2Th-CD4^c	CCL3, 4, 5	+ Binding	[132,133]
		Cf2Th-CD4^c; HeLa-CD4^c	gp120/CD4; HIV-1	+ Binding; HIVco	[132,136]
CXCR4	Y^e	HEK293^c			[132]
	(Y₇); (Y₁₂); Y₂₁	HEK293T^c	CXCL12	+ Binding	[141]
		Cf2Th-CD4^c	HIV-1	+ HIV entry	[141]
	S₁₈-GAG	HeLa^c; Cf2Th^c; HEK293T^c			[141]
		HeLa^c	CXCL12	= Binding	[141]
CX₃CR1	Y₁₄	K562^c	None	= Surface expression	[154]
			CX₃CL1	+ Binding; [Ca]; cell adhesion under dynamic flow	[154]
D6	Y^e	L1.2^c			[156]

Ca: calcium mobilization; HIVco: HIV co-receptor activity. The term inside the paranthesis indicates sulfation site effectively used, but to lesser extent or with less biological consequences. [Ca] indicates calcium mobilization likely indirect effect, namely due to enhanced ligand binding.

Sites of sulfation correspond to sulfotyrosines (Y) or to the glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate attached to Ser residue (S₁₈-GAG). Sulfation can promote (+), inhibit (−) or not affect the specific effects mentioned.

References include only those in which sulfation was really demonstrated.

Cells were transfected with the corresponding chemokine receptor.

Upon substitution of Y₂₆ in CCR2B with a Phe instead of an Ala, the CCL2-induced calcium release and chemotactic activity were dramatically diminished as a result of loss of binding capacity.

Still unclear whether a particular sulfation site was effectively glycosylated.