Table 5.
Mortality from subsequent malignant neoplasms following radiotherapy for hereditary retinoblastoma, by sex*
| Cancer site | Males |
Females |
P† | ||||
| O | SMR (95% CI) | AER | O | SMR (95% CI) | AER | ||
| All subsequent malignant neoplasms combined by time since retinoblastoma diagnosis | |||||||
| 1–9 y | 7 | 27 (11 to 55) | 16.9 | 12 | 67 (34 to 117) | 32.7 | .048 |
| 10–19 y | 26 | 124 (81 to 181) | 68.7 | 25 | 197 (127 to 291) | 78.6 | .095 |
| 20–29 y | 10 | 40 (19 to 74) | 34.5 | 12 | 67 (35 to 117) | 50.1 | .226 |
| 30–39 y | 9 | 27 (12 to 51) | 51.0 | 20 | 56 (34 to 86) | 138.5 | .060 |
| ≥40 y | 12 | 19 (9.6 to 32) | 173.0 | 7 | 8.5 (3.4 to 17) | 94.9 | .092 |
| All intervals | 64 | 38 (29 to 48) | 48.2 | 76 | 46 (36 to 57) | 66.3 | .254 |
| Subsequent malignant neoplasms at heavily irradiated sites for all latency intervals combined‡ | |||||||
| Bone (170)§ | 34 | 684 (473 to 956) | 26.2 | 20 | 656 (400 to 1013) | 17.8 | .852 |
| Connective tissue (171)‖ | 15 | 333 (186 to 549) | 11.6 | 16 | 478 (273 to 777) | 14.2 | .294 |
| Brain and other parts of nervous system (191–192) | 1 | 5.1 (0.07 to 28) | 0.6 | 9 | 67 (30 to 127) | 7.9 | .001 |
| Nasal cavities (160) | 1 | 322 (4.2 to 1790) | 0.8 | 4 | 2012 (542 to 5153) | 3.6 | .068 |
| Buccal cavity and pharynx (140–149) | 0 | 0 (0 to 115) | −0.02 | 2 | 146 (16 to 526) | 1.8 | .033 |
O = observed number of deaths; SMR = standardized mortality ratio; CI = confidence interval; AER = absolute excess risk per 10 000 person-years; ICD-8 = International Classification of Diseases, 8th revision.
P value from chi--square test of homogeneity comparing two SMRs (two-sided).
Values in parentheses indicate cause of death according to International Classification of Diseases, 8th revision.
Locations of bone cancers in male irradiated hereditary survivors include nine of the skull and face (ICD-8 170.0), one of the long bones of lower limb (ICD-8 170.7), and 24 of unspecified site (ICD-8 170.9). Locations of bone cancers in female irradiated hereditary patients include eight of the skull and face (ICD-8 170.0), three of the long bones of lower limb (ICD-8 170.7), and nine of unspecified site (ICD-8 170.9).
Locations of connective tissue cancers in male irradiated hereditary survivors include five of the head, face, and neck (ICD-8 171.0) and 10 of unspecified site (ICD-8 171.9). Locations of connective tissue cancers in female irradiated hereditary survivors include 16 of unspecified site (ICD-8 171.9).