Table 2.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics by injection method. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Blind (n=33) | Fluoroscopically guided (n=32) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD, range) age (years) | 56.1 (15.5, 21.0-85.0) | 54.3 (13.3, 30.0-76.0) | 0.62 |
| Female sex | 28 (85) | 28 (88) | 1.0 |
| Obesity | 8 (24) | 9 (28) | 0.72 |
| Mean (SD, range) duration of pain (years) | 4.4 (3.9, 0.1-16.0) | 3.3 (3.4, 0.2-13.0) | 0.23 |
| Opioid use | 12 (36) | 10 (31) | 0.66 |
| Mean (SD, range) Oswestry disability index score | 42.2 (12.6, 16.0-64.0) | 38.6 (14.9, 14.0-67.0) | 0.30 |
| Mean (SD, range) pain intensity at rest* | 4.6 (2.6, 1.0-10.0) | 5.1 (2.6, 1.0-10.0) | 0.43 |
| Mean (SD, range) pain intensity with activity* | 7.2 (2.0, 2.0-10.0) | 7.8 (2.2, 2.0-10.0) | 0.32 |
| Treatment centre: | 0.24 | ||
| Johns Hopkins Medical Center | 17 (52) | 19 (59) | |
| Walter Reed Army Medical Center | 9 (27) | 11 (34) | |
| Landstuhl Regional Medical Center | 7 (21) | 2 (6) |
*Numerical rating pain scale.