Table 5.

 Outcomes stratified by injection method. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise

Outcome	Blind	Fluoroscopically guided	P value
Overall success:	(n=32)	(n=32)	0.38
None	10 (31)	15 (47)
At 1 month only	7 (22)	4 (13)
At 3 months	15 (47)	13 (41)
Mean (SD, range) pain intensity* at 1 month:	(n=32)	(n=32)
Rest	2.2 (2.4, 0-10)	2.7 (2.5, 0-9)	0.41
Activity	4.0 (2.6, 0-10)	5.0 (2.9, 0-10)	0.16
Mean (SD, range) pain intensity* at 3 months:	(n=22)	(n=16)
Rest	2.6 (2.5, 0-7.5)	1.9 (1.7, 0-6)	0.34
Activity	4.8 (2.6, 0-10.0)	4.7 (2.8, 0-10)	0.90
Mean (SD, range) Oswestry disability index at 1 month†	32.1 (15.2, 0-60)	32.3 (17.4, 0-66)	0.96
Mean (SD, range) Oswestry disability index at 3 months†	31.7 (15.1, 6-64)	33.6 (13.6, 14-60)	0.69
Positive global perceived effect at 3 months‡:	(n=32)	(n=32)	0.80
No	15 (47)	16 (50)
Yes	17 (53)	16 (50)
Reduction in drug use at 3 months:	(n=19)	(n=15)	0.60
No	11 (58)	10 (67)
Yes	8 (42)	5 (33)

*Numerical rating pain scale.

†Lower Oswestry disability index indicates better functioning.

‡Failed treatment at one month carried over as negative global perceived effect at three months.