Table 1.
Sample description
| UP AMH (16)* | Early AMH (7)† | Neanderthal (10)‡ | Archaic Homo (11)§ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Br2 | Brno 2 | JI1 | Jebel Irhoud 1 | Am | Amud 1 | Da | Dali |
| CC | Combe-Capelle | JI2 | Jebel Irhoud 2 | At | Atapuerca SH5 | Ka | Kabwe 1 |
| Cr1 | Cro-Magnon 1 | LH18 | Ngaloba | Gu | Guattari 1 | 3733 | KNM-ER 3733 |
| Cr3 | Cro-Magnon 3 | Om2 | Omo 2 | LCS | La Chapelle-aux-Saints | Ng7 | Ngandong 7 |
| DV2 | Dolní Věstonice 2 | Qa6 | Qafzeh 6 | LF | La Ferrassie 1 | Ng14 | Ngandong 14 |
| FH | Fish Hoek | Qa9 | Qafzeh 9 | LQ5 | La Quina 5 | Pa | Petralona |
| GE4 | Grotte des Enfants 4 | Sk5 | Skhūl 5 | LM | Le Moustier 1 | Sa17 | Sangiran 17 |
| Mc1 | Mladeč 1 | Sp1 | Spy 1 | Tr2 | Trinil 2 | ||
| Mc5 | Mladeč 5 | Sp2 | Spy 2 | Zh1 | Zhoukoudian 1 | ||
| Mc6 | Mladeč 6 | Ta | Tabun C1 | Zh11 | Zhoukoudian 11 | ||
| Ok1 | Oberkassel 1 | Zh12 | Zhoukoudian 12 | ||||
| Ok2 | Oberkassel 2 | ||||||
| Pv | Pavlov 1 | ||||||
| Pr3 | Předmostí 3 | ||||||
| Pr4 | Předmostí 4 | ||||||
| UC103 | Zhoukoudian Upper Cave 103 | ||||||
All specimens were assigned a priori to one of the five groups. Group arrangement is heuristic but in fact results from scientific publications and dating of other authors (see Materials and Methods and SI).
AMH, anatomically modern Homo sapiens.
Recent humans: specimens accepted as anatomically modern H. sapiens from the Holocene (10–0 kya), including also subfossil specimens such as Hohlenstein 1 (Ho1), Hohlenstein 2 (Ho2), Kaufertsberg (Kau), Wahlwies (Ws), Wadjak 1 (Wk1), Cohuna (Co), Kow Swamp 5 (KS5), and Paderborn 1 (Pb).
*UP AMH (Upper Paleolithic AMH): specimens accepted as anatomically modern H. sapiens dating to the Upper Paleolithic period.
†early AMH: specimens accepted as anatomically modern H. sapiens and predating Upper Paleolithic.
AFH, Archaic Forms of Homo.
‡Neanderthal: specimens accepted as Homo neanderthalensis as well as Atapuerca SH 5
§AH (Archaic Homo): specimens classified as archaic forms of Homo, including Homo ergaster/erectus and Homo heidelbergensis.