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. 2009 May;23(5):1596–1606. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-121624

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Overexpression of PPARα or PPARγ protects against HIV-1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. Confluent hCMEC/D3, hCMEC/D3/PPARα, or hCMEC/D3/PPARγ cells were incubated with control or HIV-1-infected monocytic cells for 24 h (A, C). In addition, selected hCMEC/D3 cultures were treated with the PPARγ agonists 15d-PGJ2 (5 μM) or troglitazone (10 μM) for 2 h, followed by a 24 h exposure to HIV-1-infected or control monocytes (B, D). MMP-2 (A, B) and MMP-9 (C, D) activities were detected by zymography in cell culture supernatants as described in Materials and Methods. Specific bands for MMP-2 and MMP-9 were identified by their apparent molecular mass of 66 and 83 kDa, respectively. Results are means ± se of 4 separate experiments. *P < 0.05 vs. respective control. †P < 0.05 vs. normal hCMEC/D3 cultures. #P < 0.05 vs. baseline values.