Table 5.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Complete Remission Among Cases With Schizophrenia in Butajira, Ethiopia
| Characteristics (N)a | Cases (%) | Crude Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)b | P Value |
| Sex (n = 318) | ||||
| Male | 40 (15.2) | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 7 (12.7) | 0.81 (0.34–1.92) | ||
| Age (n = 318), y | ||||
| 15–24 | 12 (17.6) | 1.00 | ||
| 25–34 | 22 (15.5) | 0.86 (0.40–1.85) | ||
| 35–49 | 13 (12.0) | 0.64 (0.27–1.50) | ||
| Marital status (n = 318) | ||||
| Single | 22 (13.1) | 1.00 | ||
| Married | 18 (19.8) | 1.64 (0.83–3.24) | ||
| Other | 7 (11.9) | 0.90 (0.36–2.21) | ||
| Education (n = 273) | ||||
| No formal education | 13 (10.4) | 1.00 | ||
| Elementary education | 15 (16.5) | 1.70 (0.77–3.78) | ||
| Secondary and above | 8 (14.0) | 1.41 (0.55–3.61) | ||
| Residence (n = 308) | ||||
| Urban/semiurban | 9 (12.0) | 1.00 | ||
| Rural | 38 (16.3) | 1.43 (0.66–3.11) | ||
| Household size (n = 318) | ||||
| Less than 3 persons | 22 (15.0) | 1.00 | 1.0 | |
| 3 or above | 25 (14.6) | 0.97 (0.52–1.81) | 3.00 (1.06–8.46) | 0.04 |
| Religion (n = 300) | ||||
| Muslim | 30 (13.0) | 1.00 | ||
| Christian | 13 (18.8) | 1.55 (0.76–3.18) | ||
| On antipsychotics (n = 318) | ||||
| 50% of follow-up time or more | 23 (32.9) | 4.57 (2.40–8.77) | 5.0 (1.75–14.25) | <0.01 |
| Other | 24 (9.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Type of onset (n = 232) | ||||
| Acute | 21 (13.5) | 1.00 | ||
| Insidious | 13 (17.1) | 1.34 (0.63–2.82) | ||
| Duration of illness (n = 313), y | ||||
| 2 or less | 14 (17.5) | 1.00 | ||
| More than 2 | 32 (13.7) | 0.75 (0.38–1.50) | ||
| Age of onseta (n = 295), y | ||||
| 19 or less | 8 (9.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| 20–29 | 29 (19.0) | 2.31 (1.01–5.31) | 5.58 (1.34–23.20) | 0.02 |
| 30 or more | 8 (14.5) | 1.68 (0.60–4.78) | 5.95 (1.14–31.10) | 0.04 |
| Clinical subtypes (n = 318) | ||||
| Paranoid | 20 (18.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Hebephrenic | 5 (29.4) | 1.83 (0.58–5.80) | 2.58 (0.21–31.26) | 0.46 |
| Catatonic | 5 (29.4) | 1.22 (0.41–3.68) | 4.13 (0.83–20.43) | 0.08 |
| Undifferentiated | 10 (8.4) | 0.40 (0.18–0.91) | 0.47 (0.15–1.52) | 0.21 |
| Residual | 7 (15.9) | 0.83 (0.32–2.14) | 0.19 (0.02–1.70) | 0.14 |
| Other | 0 | — | ||
| Total | 47 (14.8) |
a
Total number in some categories is less than 318 because of missing values.
b
Stepwise logistic regression with backward selection method with factors retained in the model.