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Effects of SDF-1α on Akt-mediated pathways. SDF-1α (50 nM) stimulates Akt phosphorylation in hippocampal neurons (A); the chemokine also increases p65NFκB levels in the nuclear fraction of these neurons, unlike gp120IIIB (200 pM 45 min) (B); SDF-1α (20 nM) also induces a time-dependent increase in the DNA-binding activity of p65 NFκB in CXCR4+/CD4− HOS cells. (C). In HOS cells, SDF-1α (20 nM) also induces up-regulation of MDM2 levels in the nucleus (D).
