Table 4.

Multivariable model of all cause mortality by blood lead concentrations

Variable name	Hazard Ratio	95% confidence interval	p-value
Lead ≥ 8 μg/dL (≥ 0.384 μmol/L)	1.78	1.16, 2.73	0.008
Age increase per 5 years	1.62	1.36, 1.92	< 0.001
Clinic	1.56	1.06, 2.30	0.024
Body mass index(kg/m2))	0.98	0.94, 1.02	0.239
Education (years)	0.98	0.92, 1.05	0.620
Alcohol (drinks/wk)	0.99	0.95, 1.04	0.814
Current smoker	1.84	1.18, 2.88	0.008
Hypertension	1.73	1.20, 2.49	0.003
Diabetes	1.11	0.83, 1.49	0.468
Current estrogen use	0.75	0.42, 1.38	0.363
Walk for exercise	0.70	0.48, 1.02	0.066
Total hip, bone density (g/cm2)	0.05	0.01, 0.19	0.001