Purified gp13 and φ29 cleaved p21 to the same products, and this activity functions on p15, p22 and p23. Purified p21 alone (a, top red) shows a lone peak at ~81 min, while purified gp13 alone (a, blue) lacks the 81 min peak but contains a 49 min contaminant (*). Incubation of gp13 with p21 (a, top black) shows reduction of p21, with the appearance of two product peaks at 15 min and 30 min. These peaks are present on p21 incubation with φ29 (a, bottom red), but not with gp13-lacking proheads (a, bottom black). These latter two lines are flat because they were produced by subtractions of background runs (Supplementary Fig. 2). (b) Deacetylated (deacetyl) and amidated (amid) forms of the cross-linked muropeptide of B. subtilis are all cleaved to lower molecular weight products. p3: DS-TriPAmid, p4: DSDeacetyl-TriPAmid, p7: DS-TPAmid, p15: DS-TriPAmid-TP-DS, p21: DS-TriPAmid-TPAmid-DS, p22: DS-TriPAmid-TPAmid-DSDeacetyl, p23: DSDeacetyl-TriPAmid-TPAmid-DS, I: DS-TP, II: DSDeacetyl-TPAmid.