The ‘side population’ assay. Live cells are stained with Hoechst 33342 dye, gated for live cells, and dual emission wavelengths from the dye are plotted on a log scale. The ‘R1’ gate designates the ‘side population’ (SP). (A) SP fraction from Panc-1 cells make up 10% of the total population, were sorted onto dishes, (B) cultured for one week and reanalyzed, resulting in an increase of the SP fraction to 50%. Identification of SP within isolated MP. Panc-1 cells were sorted for SP and MP fractions, (C) resulting in 10% SP. MP cells from this sort were plated onto dishes. (D) SP analysis of MP the plated MP fraction after sub-culture for four weeks resulted in identification of 5% SP either by residual or by conversion.