Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the 1,620 North American patients with full core laboratory datasets in CHARM with no medical history of diabetes at baseline, grouped by those who did and did not develop diabetes during the trials
| No diabetes during trials | Diabetes during trials | |
|---|---|---|
| All patients | 1,494 (92.2) | 126 (7.8) |
| Age (years) | 66.4 ± 12.0 | 61.5 ± 12.3 |
| Sex (% male) | 1,008 (67.5) | 82 (65.1) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 5.9 | 32.4 ± 6.2 |
| Smoking habit | ||
| Nonsmoker | 451 (30.2) | 38 (30.2) |
| Previous smoker | 804 (53.8) | 73 (57.9) |
| Current smoker | 239 (16.0) | 15 (11.9) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 127 ± 19 | 130 ± 19 |
| History of prior myocardial infarction | 763 (51.1) | 59 (46.8) |
| History of hypertension | 915 (61.2) | 85 (67.5) |
| NYHA class | ||
| II | 600 (40.2) | 45 (35.7) |
| III | 860 (57.6) | 78 (61.9) |
| IX | 34 (2.3) | 3 (2.4) |
| LVEF | 0.38 ± 0.2 | 0.36 ± 0.2 |
| Drug therapy | ||
| ACE inhibitors | 636 (42.6) | 62 (49.2) |
| β-Blocker | 791 (52.9) | 80 (63.5) |
| Diuretic therapy | 1,235 (82.7) | 122 (96.8) |
| Long-acting nitrates | 380 (25.4) | 25 (19.8) |
| Spironolactone | 215 (14.4) | 27 (21.4) |
| Digoxin | 766 (51.3) | 82 (65.1) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 353 (23.6) | 30 (23.8) |
| Lipid-lowering drug | 670 (44.8) | 69 (54.8) |
| Oral anticoagulant | 484 (32.4) | 36 (28.6) |
| Laboratory results | ||
| A1C (%) | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 6.8 ± 0.9 |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) | 100 ± 35 | 91 ± 26 |
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 4.3 ± 0.4 |
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 141 ± 3 | 140 ± 3 |
| ALT (units/l) | 18 (13–25) | 23 (16–33) |
| AST (units/l) | 20 (16–25) | 20 (17–26) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (units/l) | 79 (65–97) | 85.5 (69–106) |
| Bilirubin total (μmol/l) | 10.0 (6.8–13.7) | 10.3 (8.0–12.0) |
| Bilirubin direct (μmol/l) | 2.0 (1.7–4.0) | 2.0 (1.7–3.4) |
| Hemoglobin (mmol/l) | 8.5 ± 1.0 | 8.6 ± 0.8 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 41.2 ± 4.6 | 41.5 ± 3.7 |
| Red cell count (1012/l) | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.5 |
| MCV (fl) | 92.6 ± 5.9 | 91.2 ± 5.3 |
| MCH (pg) | 30.9 ± 2.4 | 30.5 ± 2.0 |
| MCHC (mmol/l) | 20.7 ± 0.7 | 20.8 ± 0.7 |
| White cell count (109/l) | 7.1 ± 2.1 | 7.6 ± 2.1 |
| Eosinophils (%) | 2.7 (1.7–4.1) | 2.5 (1.6–3.4) |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 25.8 ± 8.6 | 26.8 ± 8.4 |
| Basophils (%) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) |
| Neutrophils (%) | 63.9 ± 9.5 | 63.5 ± 9.5 |
| Neutrophils band (%) | 1 (0–3) | 0.5 (0–1) |
| Monocytes (%) | 6.7 ± 2.7 | 6.6 ± 2.4 |
| Treatment randomization | ||
| Candesartan | 751 (50.3) | 54 (42.9) |
Data are means ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range). AST, aspartate aminotransferase; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; NYHA, New York Heart Association Classification of heart failure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.