(a, c, and e) CRAMP−/− epidermis. (b and d, inset) wt epidermis. Under basal conditions, CRAMP−/− epidermis reveals abnormalities in contents of individual LB (c, single arrows). In contrast, wt epidermis has LB with replete contents (d, inset, arrowheads). In the CRAMP−/− mouse epidermis, there are non-lamellar clefts within secreted LB contents at the SG–SC interface (a, asterisks; c and e, double arrows). In wt epidermis, transformation of secreted LB contents into lamellar bilayers already occurs at SG–SC interface, as demonstrated in (b) (arrows). (a and b) Ruthenium textroxide post-fixation; (c and d) osmium tetroxide post-fixation. Bars=0.2 μm (a and b); 1 μm (c and e); and 0.1 μm (d, inset).