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. 2009 May;174(5):1949–1958. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.081016

Figure 1.

Figure 1

G-protein coupled and Rac1 mediated HMVEC responses to arsenic. The effect of 5 μmol/L arsenic, as As(III), on HMVEC Rac1-GTPase activity in the presence or absence of (A) 100 μmol/L NSC23766 (iRac) or (B) 50 ng/ml Ptx is shown. Both inhibitors were added 18 to 24 hours before As(III) and As(III) exposures were for 6 minutes. Similar pre-treatments with the inhibitors were used to examine the roles of Rac1 and Gi/o coupled receptors on increases in IL8 and HMOX1 transcript levels stimulated by 4 hours, 5 μmol/L As(III) exposures. Values for transcript levels shown in (C) and (D) are standardized to transcript levels for the housekeeping gene, RPL13A. All data are presented as mean ± SEM with four biological replicates for Rac1 activity and thrree for transcript levels. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s posthoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus non-treated (nt) cells. ^P < 0.05, ^^^P < 0.001 versus arsenic- or S1P-stimulated responses in the absence of inhibitors.