Table 3.
Dependent variables and predictors | Standardized coefficient | Unstandardized coefficient | SE | t ratio |
Past-30-day cigarette smoking | ||||
Positive social expectancies | 0.03 | 0.22 | 0.07 | 3.36* |
Perceived harm of heavy smoking | −0.03 | −0.16 | 0.05 | −3.01* |
Personal disapproval | −0.22 | −1.28 | 0.07 | −18.21* |
Perceived availability | −0.04 | −0.162 | 0.02 | −6.99* |
Perceived smoking by peers | 0.35 | 1.46 | 0.06 | 25.05* |
Age | 0.04 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 5.80* |
White | 0.04 | 0.50 | 0.08 | 6.19* |
Initiation of cigarette smoking before age 12 (R2 = .31) | 0.16 | 3.03 | 0.26 | 11.82* |
Positive social expectancies | ||||
Perceived enforcement of school policies | −0.06 | −0.05 | 0.01 | −6.49* |
Perception of community disapproval | −0.15 | −0.14 | 0.01 | −18.82* |
White (R2 = .04) | −0.09 | −0.17 | 0.01 | −11.74* |
Perceived harm of heavy smoking | ||||
Perceived enforcement of school policies | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 8.93* |
Perception of community disapproval | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 13.95* |
Male | −0.07 | −0.12 | 0.01 | −9.90* |
Age | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 16.07* |
White | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 12.76* |
Initiation of cigarette smoking before age 12 (R2 = .06) | −0.09 | −0.25 | 0.03 | −10.02 |
Personal disapproval | ||||
Perceived enforcement of school policies | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 7.12* |
Perception of community disapproval | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.01 | 40.82* |
Initiation of cigarette smoking before age 12 (R2 = .16) | −0.14 | −0.45 | 0.03 | −16.90* |
Perceived availability | ||||
Perceived enforcement of school policies | −0.08 | −0.12 | 0.01 | −10.96* |
Perception of community disapproval | −0.18 | −0.27 | 0.01 | −26.74* |
Age (R2 = .15) | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 43.43* |
Perceived smoking by peers | ||||
Perceived enforcement of school policies | −0.02 | −0.03 | 0.01 | −2.50* |
Perception of community disapproval | −0.20 | −0.31 | 0.01 | −24.09* |
Male | −0.07 | −0.16 | 0.02 | −10.14* |
Initiation of cigarette smoking before age 12 (R2 = .07) | 0.14 | 0.65 | 0.04 | 15.76* |
Perceived enforcement of school policies | ||||
Perception of community disapproval | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 8.33* |
Age (R2 = .03) | −0.16 | −0.08 | 0.01 | −21.01* |
Note. Model fit: comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.95; root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.037 (90% CI = 0.035–0.039).
p < .001.