Table 2.

Specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of fever as policy recommendations compared with malaria disease*, stratified by transmission intensity and age categories

	Very high transmission districts n/N,% (95% CI)	Moderate-to-high transmission districts n/N,% (95% CI)	All districts n/N,% (95% CI)
All age groups
Specificity	101/403, 25.1 (19.7–30.5)	208/723, 28.8 (24.7–32.9)	309/1126, 27.4 (24.2–30.7)
PPV	175/477, 36.7 (32.1–41.3)	184/699, 26.3 (22.4–30.3)	359/1176, 30.5 (27.4–33.6)
Patients <5 years
Specificity	16/102, 15.7 (7.9–23.4)	40/190, 21.1 (15.8–26.3)	56/292, 19.2 (14.9–23.5)
PPV	104/190, 54.7 (49.1–60.4)	98/248, 39.5 (31.8–47.3)	202/438, 46.1 (41.0–51.3)
Patients ≥5 years
Specificity	85/301, 28.2 (21.7–34.7)	168/533, 31.5 (26.4–36.6)	253/834, 30.3 (26.4–34.3)
PPV	71/287, 24.7 (20.0–29.5)	86/451, 19.1 (15.1–23.0)	157/738, 21.3 (18.2–24.3)

* Defined as any malaria parasitaemia on expert slide examination in patient with fever