Table 4.
Cessation studies – target population
| Investigators | # Tobacco users at baseline | Minimal or mean level of tobacco use | Through study age range | % female | % white |
| Ary et al. | 776 | >1 cig./week | 12–18 | ~50 | 89 |
| Aveyard et al. | 1090 | >1 cig./week | 13–14 | 50 | 86 |
| Baskerville, Hotte, Dunkley | 331 | NR (quit – 30 day) | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| Bauman et al. | 110 | >1/30 days | 12–15 | 57 | 85 |
| Beaglehole et al. | 128 | >2 cpd | 12–15 | NR | NR |
| Biener et al. | 216 | >1/30 days | 12–17 | NR | NR |
| Chakravorty | 83-ST | >1.5 dips/day | 14–18 | 0 | ~95 |
| Charlton | 87 | NR | 16 | ~75 | NR |
| Cinnomin, Sussman | 60 | 16 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 14–19 | 38 | ~30 |
| Colby et al. | 40 | 10 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 14–17 | 58 | 65 |
| Coleman-Wallace et al. | 351 | 13 cpd | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| Corby et al. | 8 | 19 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 15–19 | 38 | NR |
| Digiusto | ~277 | ~12 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 14–18 | ~50 | NR |
| Dino et al. | 346 | ~15 cpd (median quit – 8 day) | 14–19 | 54 | 87 |
| Eakin, Severson, Glasgow | 25-ST | 5–8 dips/day (quit – 7 day/1 slip) | 14–18 | 0 | NR |
| Etter, Ronchi, Perneger | 582 | 11 cpd | ~24–33 | 60 | NR |
| Fibkins | 27 | NR | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| Forster | 660 | >1 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 14–16 | NR | NR |
| Glasgow et al. | 506 | 12 cpd (quit – 30 day) | 15–35 | 100 | 88 |
| Glover | 41-ST | NR (quit – 6 months) | 18–22 | 0 | NR |
| Goldberg, Gorn | 141 | Current, 100+life | 18 | 41 | NR |
| Greenberg, Deputat | 100 | .5 cpd | 16–18 | 57 | NR |
| Hafstad, Aaro, Langmark | 497 | >1 per week | 14–15 | 65 | NR |
| Horn et al. | 163 | ~17 cpd | 14–19 | 55 | 92 |
| Horswell, Horton | 36 | NR | 12–18 | NR | NR |
| Hotte et al. | 632 | 12 cpd | 14–15 | 49 | NR |
| Hurt et al. | 101 | ~20 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 13–17 | 41 | 95 |
| Jason, Mollica, Ferrone | 32 | ~4 cpd | 14–16 | ~56 | ~35 |
| Jerome | 17 | 13 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 15–17 | 47 | 82 |
| Johnson et al. | 448 | Monthly smoking – 13% | 16–18 | NR | NR |
| Kempf, Stanley | 132 | 14 cpd | 13–17 | 18 | 28 |
| Killen et al. | ~180 | Weekly smoking – 16% | 14–16 | 45 | 69 |
| Lampkin | 121 | 9 cpd (quit – 30 days) | 15–18 | 66 | 64 |
| Librett | 212 | 9 cpd | 11–18 | 59 | 77 |
| Lotecka, McWhinney | 49 | 7 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| Matson-Koffman, Miller | 80 | NR | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| McDonald, Roberts, Deeschaemaker | 51 | 27 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 12–19 | 46 | NR |
| Mills, Ewy and Dizon | 34 | ~14 cpd | 12–18 | NR | NR |
| Murray, Prokhorov, Harty | 450 | >1 per week | 14–15 | NR | NR |
| Myers, Brown | 141 (last 3 months) | 13 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 12–18 | 40 | 79 |
| Myers, Brown, Kelly | 35 | >1 per week | 13–18 | 40 | 71 |
| Pallonen | 135 | 10 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 16–18 | 54 | 90 |
| Patten et al. | 96 | ~17 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 11–17 | 38 | 92 |
| Patterson | 21 | NR (quit – 2 days) | 14–18 | NR | NR |
| Pendell | 3955 | NR | 12–18 | NR | NR |
| Perry et al. | 243 | >1 per month – 27% | 16 | 54 | NR |
| Perry et al. | 82 | >1 per week | 16 | ~50 | NR |
| Peters | 635 | >1 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 15–19 | NR | NR |
| Peterson, Clark | 22 | 8 cpd | 14–16 | 100 | NR |
| Popham et al. | 7000 | >1 per month – 13% | 9–18 | 53 | 50 |
| Prince | 110 | 12 cpd | 16–18 | 46 | NR |
| Quinlan and McCaul | 94 | ~13 cpd | 18–55; mean = 22 (SD = 7) | 64 | 100 |
| Rigotti et al. | ~2,900 | >1 cpd | 13–17 | 52 | 76 |
| Skjoldebrand, Gahnberg | 101 | >1 cpd | 12–17 | 38 | NR |
| Smith et al. | 22 | 23 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 13–17 | 68 | NR |
| St. Pierre, Shute, Jaycox | 12 | NR | 16–18 | 42 | NR |
| Suedfeld et al. | 40 | 18 cpd | 19–22 | 0 | NR |
| Sussman, Burton et al. | 244 | NR (quit – 7 days) | 14–18 | 50 | 60 |
| Sussman, Dent, Lichtman | 335 | 8 cpd (quit – 30 days) | 14–19 | 36 | 27 |
| Sussman, Dent, Stacy | 583 | ~8 cpd (quit – 30 days) | 14–19 | 34 | 43 |
| Townsend et al. | 68 | 7 or more cpd | 13–17 | 54 | NR |
| Vartiainen et al. | 3241 | > 1 per month (~8 per month) | 15–24 | 45 | NR |
| Wakefield et al. | 14,746 | > 1 per month | 14–17 | 54 | 47 |
| Weissman et al. | 11 | 18.5 cpd (quit – 7 days) | 13–18 | 46 | NR |
| Zavela, Harrison, Owens | 42-ST | 7.6 dips per day | 18–39 (mean = 20.7) | 3 | NR |
| Zheng | 46 | 5 cpd (quit – 7 day) | 16–17 | 7 | 0 |
NA = not applicable; NR = not reported; cpd = cigarettes per day; ST = smokeless tobacco users; SD = standard deviation; ~ = approximately; > = greater than.