Table 1.
Subject cigarette smoking histories and the risk of bladder cancer, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 1982–1998a
| Total Subject Population | Males | Females | |||||||
| Cases | Controls | OR (95% CI)b | Cases | Controls | OR (95% CI) | Cases | Controls | OR (95% CI) | |
| Never smokers | 100 | 718 | 1.0 (referent) | 60 | 472 | 1.0 (referent) | 40 | 246 | 1.0 (referent) |
| Ever smokers | 396 | 1198 | 2.4 (1.9–3.0) | 318 | 970 | 2.6 (1.9–3.5) | 78 | 228 | 2.1 (1.4–3.2) |
| (Missing) | (3) | (6) | (3) | (5) | (1) | ||||
| Current smokers | 122 | 271 | 3.4 (2.5–4.6) | 95 | 190 | 4.2 (2.9–6.1) | 27 | 81 | 2.1 (1.2–3.7) |
| Former smokers | 274 | 927 | 2.1 (1.6–2.7) | 223 | 780 | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) | 51 | 147 | 2.1 (1.3–3.4) |
| Pack-years of smoking | |||||||||
| ≤ 10 | 27 | 192 | 1.0 (0.64–1.6) | 18 | 131 | 1.1 (0.62–1.9) | 9 | 61 | 0.91 (0.42–2.0) |
| 11–20 | 44 | 182 | 1.7 (1.2–2.6) | 32 | 145 | 1.7 (1.1–2.8) | 12 | 37 | 2.0 (0.94–4.2) |
| 21–30 | 41 | 172 | 1.7 (1.2–2.6) | 33 | 143 | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | 8 | 29 | 1.7 (0.72–4.0) |
| 31–40 | 52 | 166 | 2.3 (1.5–3.3) | 40 | 136 | 2.3 (1.5–3.6) | 12 | 30 | 2.5 (1.2–5.2) |
| > 40 | 218 | 436 | 3.6 (2.8–4.7) | 185 | 374 | 3.9 (2.8–5.4) | 33 | 62 | 3.3 (1.9–5.6) |
| (Missing) | (14) | (50) | (10 | (41) | (4) | (9) | |||
| P for trendc | < .001 | < .001 | .004 | ||||||
| Duration (years of smoking) | |||||||||
| 1–10 | 19 | 134 | 1.0 (0.60–1.7) | 14 | 103 | 1.1 (0.57–2.0) | 5 | 31 | 0.98 (0.36–2.7) |
| 11–20 | 47 | 215 | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 38 | 181 | 1.6 (1.1–2.6) | 9 | 34 | 1.6 (0.70–3.6) |
| 21–30 | 69 | 250 | 2.0 (1.4–2.8) | 52 | 200 | 2.0 (1.4–3.1) | 17 | 50 | 2.1 (1.1–4.0) |
| 31–40 | 101 | 275 | 2.6 (1.9–3.6) | 82 | 223 | 2.9 (2.0–4.2) | 19 | 52 | 2.2 (1.2–4.2) |
| > 40 | 153 | 301 | 3.7 (2.8–4.9) | 127 | 244 | 4.1 (2.9–5.8) | 26 | 57 | 2.8 (1.6–5.0) |
| (Missing) | (7) | (23) | (5) | (19) | (2) | (4) | |||
| P for trend | < .001 | < .001 | .022 | ||||||
| Frequency (cigarettes per day) | |||||||||
| 1–10 | 45 | 230 | 1.4 (0.96–2.1) | 30 | 149 | 1.6 (0.99–2.6) | 15 | 81 | 1.1 (0.60 – 2.2) |
| 11–20 | 168 | 506 | 2.4 (1.8–3.1) | 131 | 415 | 2.5 (1.8–3.4) | 37 | 91 | 2.5 (1.5 – 4.2) |
| 21–30 | 51 | 170 | 2.2 (1.5–3.2) | 42 | 141 | 2.4 (1.5–3.7) | 9 | 29 | 1.9 (0.84 – 4.4) |
| 31–40 | 90 | 187 | 3.5 (2.5–4.9) | 80 | 168 | 3.8 (2.6–5.6) | 10 | 19 | 3.3 (1.4 – 7.6) |
| > 40 | 33 | 79 | 3.0 (1.9–4.8) | 29 | 74 | 3.1 (1.9–5.2) | 4 | 5 | 4.9 (1.3 – 19.2) |
| (Missing) | (9) | (26) | (6) | (23) | (3) | (3) | |||
| P for trend | < .001 | < .001 | .005 | ||||||
aAdjusted for age
bOR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval
cP = probability