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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2009 Mar 6;42(7):898–905. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.01.032

Table 3.

Mean [SD] muscle parameters following scaling of the generic musculoskeletal model and calibration of the tendon slack lengths.

Muscle Optimal Fiber Length (cm) Tendon Slack Length (cm) Fmax (N) Pennation Angle (deg)
Semimembranosus 9.26 [4.55] 35.65 [4.64] 1104.4 [70.6] 15
Semitendinosus 21.36 [1.38] 27.17 [1.8] 348.61 [22.5] 5
Biceps Femoris Long Head 11.64 [0.74] 35.39 [2.27] 765.47 [48.4] 0
Biceps Femoris Short Head 18.37 [1.12] 12.22 [0.79] 426.8 [26] 23
Rectus Femoris 9.21 [0.51] 38.96 [2.23] 854.09 [47.2] 5
Vastus Medialis 9.73 [0.57] 13.66 [0.81] 1415.4 [83] 5
Vastus Intermedius 9.55 [0.56] 14.91 [0.88] 1498.4 [87.7] 3
Vastus Lateralis 9.17 [0.54] 17.09 [1.01] 2043 [119.9] 5
Medial Gastrocnemius 4.50 [0.33] 39.53 [2.91] 1112.2 [80.6] 17
Lateral Gastrocnemius 6.40 [0.46] 37.66 [2.77] 487.86 [35.3] 8

Calibrated parameters for electromechanical delay (149 ± 28 ms), strength coefficient for quadriceps (0.98 ± 0.32), hamstrings (1.21 ± 0.42), and gastrocnemius (1.56 ± 0.27).