Table 3.
Age and sex-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of incident heart failure for the highest and lowest quintiles of each fatty acid, ARIC, 1987-2003.
| Heart Failure |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CE fraction |
PL fraction |
|||
| HR (95%CI) | p for trend |
HR (95%CI) | p for trend |
|
| Saturated fatty acids* | 3.68(2.11-6.40) | <0.001 | 2.71(1.64-4.45) | <0.001 |
| Myristic (14:0)* | 1.70(1.06-2.71) | 0.005 | 1.29(0.80-2.08) | 0.42 |
| Pentadecanoic (15:0)* | 0.80(0.50-1.28) | 0.39 | 0.62(0.38-1.02) | 0.04 |
| Palmitic (16:0)* | 4.02(2.24-7.21) | <0.001 | 2.16(1.36-3.43) | <0.001 |
| Margaric (17:0)* | 0.81(0.52-1.26) | 0.38 | 0.55(0.35-0.85) | 0.008 |
| Stearic (18:0)* | 1.63(1.01-2.62) | 0.05 | 1.01(0.64-1.58) | 0.90 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids* | 2.37(1.47-3.82) | 0.001 | 1.36(0.88-2.11) | 0.32 |
| Palmitoleic (16:1,ω7)* | 2.26(1.39-3.68) | <0.001 | 1.67(1.10-2.52) | 0.01 |
| Oleic (18:1,ω9)* | 1.80(1.13-2.85) | 0.004 | 1.38(0.90-2.11) | 0.17 |
| ω-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids* | 0.34(0.20-0.57) | <0.001 | 0.69(0.43-1.09) | 0.16 |
| Linoleic (18:2,ω6)* | 0.54(0.34-0.88) | 0.001 | 0.57(0.36-0.92) | 0.009 |
| γ-Linolenic (18:3,ω6)* | 1.48(0.92-2.37) | 0.09 | 1.39(0.87-2.23) | 0.51 |
| Dihomo γ-linolenic (20:3,ω6)* | 2.44(1.48-4.00) | <0.001 | 2.26(1.38-3.70) | <0.001 |
| Arachidonic (20:4,ω6) | ||||
| Men | 1.37(0.77-2.42) | 0.28 | 1.34(0.79-2.27) | 0.21 |
| Women | 0.43(0.19-0.95) | 0.02 | 0.38(0.16-0.91) | 0.004 |
| ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||
| α-linolenic (18:3,ω3)* | 0.99(0.63-1.53) | 0.81 | 0.97(0.61-1.54) | 0.88 |
| Long chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||
| Men | 1.49(0.84-2.63) | 0.40 | 0.99(0.55-1.77) | 0.43 |
| Women | 0.42(0.19-0.92) | 0.09 | 0.24(0.11-0.54) | <0.001 |
| Eicosapentaenoic (20:5,ω3)* | 1.37(0.85-2.20) | 0.26 | 1.61(0.98-2.64) | 0.06 |
| Docosahexaenoic (22:6,ω3) | ||||
| Men | 1.30(0.73-2.32) | 0.47 | 1.17(0.66-2.07) | 0.51 |
| Women | 0.21(0.10-0.44) | <0.001 | 0.16(0.07-0.40) | <0.001 |
| Δ9-desaturase index (16:1,ω7/16:0)* | 1.68(1.08-2.63) | 0.004 | 1.68(1.08-2.61) | 0.07 |
| Δ6-desaturase index*† | 1.55(0.96-2.52) | 0.02 | 2.31(1.42-3.77) | <0.001 |
| Δ5-desaturase index (20:4,ω6/20:3,ω6) | ||||
| Men | 0.86(0.47-1.57) | 0.24 | 0.67(0.36-1.26) | 0.11 |
| Women | 0.21(0.09-0.49) | <0.001 | 0.27(0.12-0.59) | <0.001 |
| Elongase index (18:0/16:0)* | 1.24(0.79-1.94) | 0.99 | 0.54(0.34-0.84) | 0.02 |
*
Men and women were combined because of non-significant sex-interactions for both CE and PL.
†
Δ6-desaturase indices were defined as 18:3,ω6/18:2,ω6 for CE and as 20:3,ω6/18:2,ω6 for PL.