Table 1.

Frequency (%) of the Pfdhfr (codons 51, 59 and 108), Pfdhps (codons 437 and 540), Pfcrt (codons 76 and 75), Pdmdr1 (codons 86 and 1246) genotypes and multiple mutations in first and second assay periods.

		Period 1 (2003–2004)		Period 2 (2004–2005)
Gene	Codon	(N = 38)	(%)	(N = 74)	(%)
Pfcrt	75
	(wild-type) N	16	100	27	56
	(Mutant) E	0	0	6	13
	N + E	0	0	15	31
	Not determined	22		22
	76
	(wild-type) K	1	3	0	0
	(Mutant) T	32	97	59	100
	K + T	0	0	0	0
	Not determined	5		15
Pfmdr1	86
	(wild-type) N	8	24	18	27
	(Mutant) Y	13	38	37	56
	N + Y	13	38	11	17
	Not determined	4		8
	1246
	(wild-type) D	32	100	64	97
	(Mutant) Y	0	0	0	0
	D + Y	0	0	2	3
	Not determined	6		8
Pfdhfr	51
	(wild-type) N	9	24	8	11
	(Mutant) I	25	66	66	89
	N + I	4	10	0	0
	Not determined	0		0
	59
	(wild-type) C	11	29	9	14
	(Mutant) R	24	63	53	84
	C + R	3	8	1	2
	Not determined	0		11
	108
	(wild-type) S	0	0	2	3
	(Mutant) N	28	100	62	97
	S + N	0	0	0	0
	Not determined	10		10
Pfdhps	437
	(wild-type) A	14	40	0	0
	(Mutant) G	21	60	67	100
	A + G	0	0	0	0
	Not determined	3		7
	540
	(wild-type) K	34	97	67	100
	(Mutant) E	1	3	0	0
	K + E	0	0	0	0
	Not determined	3		7
Multiple mutations
	dhfr 51I+108N	19	68	60	97
	dhfr 59R+108N	17	61	52	84
	dhfr 51I +59R+108N	16	57	53	86
	dhfr 51I +59R+108N+dhps 437G	13	46	51	82