Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Characteristics | Frail (N = 16) | Nonfrail (N = 16) | Pa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 83 ± 5 (range 72–94) | ||
| Race (% white) | 93.7% | ||
| Sex (% female) | 87.5% | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 5.5 | 27.1 ± 4.6 | .73 |
| Comorbid chronic conditions | |||
| Total # of diagnosis | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 4.0 ± 1.7 | .92 |
| Specific diseases | |||
| Hypertension | 50.0% | 81.3% | |
| Osteoporosis | 43.8% | 37.5% | |
| Osteoarthritis | 25.0% | 31.3% | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 43.8% | 18.8% | |
| Congestive heart failure (controlled) | 37.5% | 25.0% | |
| Hypothyroidism (compensated) | 31.3% | 31.3% | |
| Coronary heart disease (asymptomatic) | 18.8% | 25.0% | |
| Malignancy (reported cured) | 12.5% | 37.5% | |
| Medication usage | |||
| Total # of medications | 4.3 ± 1.9 | 3.8 ± 1.7 | .39 |
| Specific medications: | |||
| Aspirin | 37.5% | 31.3% | |
| β-Blockers | 43.8% | 31.3% | |
| Diuretics | 37.5% | 43.8% | |
| Calcium-channel blockers | 25.0% | 50.0% | |
| ACE inhibitors | 31.3% | 31.3% | |
| HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors | 31.3% | 25.0% | |
| Thyroid (T4) supplement | 31.3% | 31.3% | |
a
P values were determined by two-sided t test between the two means.