Table 1. The most frequent findings in a Dutch male cohort and the association with mortality within this cohort.
| Risk Factor | n | Percentage (95% CI) | Relative risk (95% CI) | P-value |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, CABG | 1034 | 1.7 (1.6–1.8) | 2.23 (1.90–2.62) | <0.001 |
| Other cardiovascular disorders | 2927 | 4.7 (4.5–4.9) | 1.20 (1.04–1.38) | 0.01 |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease | 3116 | 5.0 (4.8–5.2) | 1.20 (1.01–1.42) | 0.04 |
| Blood pressure above 145/90 mmHg* | 8414 | 13.5 (13.2–13.8) | 1.55 (1.43–1.69) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension† | 1691 | 2.7 (2.6–2.8) | 1.66 (1.36–2.04) | <0.001 |
| History of cholesterol above 5.5 mmol/L | 1246 | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | 1.14 (0.87–1.49) | 0.4 |
| Diabetes mellitus (onset before age 30) | 429 | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 3.27 (2.32–4.62) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (onset on or after age 30) | 647 | 1.0 (0.96–1.1) | 2.08 (1.61–2.53) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index above 30 kg/m2 | 1471 | 2.4 (2.2–2.5) | 1.04 (0.73–1.49) | 0.8 |
| Smoking of more than 20 cigarettes daily | 5081 | 8.2 (7.9–8.4) | 1.54 (1.39–1.72) | <0.001 |
| Other risk factors | ||||
| Alcohol consumption above 60 g daily | 2019 | 3.2 (3.1–3.4) | 1.38 (1.17–1.61) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 2378 | 3.8 (3.7–4.0) | 1.55 (1.29–1.85) | <0.001 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 6548 | 10.5 (10.3–10.7) | 1.13 (1.01–1.27) | 0.04 |
| Epilepsy | 816 | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 2.14 (1.62–2.84) | <0.001 |
| Malignancies | 798 | 1.3 (1.2–1.4) | 1.78 (1.39–2.29) | <0.001 |
| Low back pain | 2201 | 3.5 (3.4–3.7) | 0.54 (0.35–0.83) | 0.005 |
| Osteoarthritis, rheumatic disorders | 490 | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 1.72 (1.27–2.33) | <0.001 |
| Herniated vertebral disc | 1325 | 2.1 (2.0–2.2) | 0.95 (0.75–1.21) | 0.7 |
Cox's regression analysis was performed with adjustment for year of birth and age at medical evaluation.
CABG denotes coronary artery by-pass grafting; CI denotes confidence interval; other cardiovascular disorders were atrial fibrillation, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cardiomyopathy, subarachnoid hemorraghe, cerebrovascular accident, valve disease, and congenital disorder.
*
measurement of blood pressure performed by the general practitioner or the medical officer during a single office visit.
†
hypertension was diagnosed by general practitioner or specialist and treatment with antihypertensive medication was started.