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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009 Jan 25;22(4):427–431. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2008.12.006

Table 3.

Vortex Formation Parameters

Variable Baseline Afterload P value
D (cm) 1.86 ± 0.09 1.88 ± 0.09 0.2145
α 2.20 ± 0.07 2.17 ± 0.12 0.2200
β 0.47 ± 0.03 0.55 ± 0.10 0.0806
VFT 4.09 ± 0.27 2.78 ± 1.03 0.0046

Abbreviations: α, LV geometry parameter; β, the fraction of the stroke volume contributed from A-wave filling; D, diameter of mitral valve orifice; VFT, vortex formation time.