Glucose concentrations during an OGTT in subjects before and after 9 weeks of consuming (A) glucose-sweetened beverages or (B) fructose-sweetened beverages. Insulin concentrations during an OGTT in subjects before and after 9 weeks of consuming glucose-sweetened beverages (C) or fructose-sweetened beverages (D). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, paired Student’s t test, 9 weeks vs. 0 weeks. Glucose, n = 15; fructose, n = 17. Insulin sensitivity index during glucose disposal test as percentage of baseline in subjects before and after 9 weeks of consuming glucose- or fructose-sweetened beverages (E). **P < 0.01, paired Student’s t test, 9 weeks vs. 0 weeks. Glucose: n = 14; fructose: n = 17. Data represent mean ± SEM.