Fig. 3.

Hsp70 induces the production of IL-10 in FLSs. RA FLSs (5 × 10⁴/well) were seeded in 24-well plates in DMEM plus 10% FCS and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. a–c FLSs were stimulated with Hsp70 at the different concentrations (0.1–10 μg/ml) or control protein OVA (10 μg/ml) for 24 h. The supernatants were collected and the concentrations of IL-6 (a), IL-8 (b), and IL-10 (c) were determined by ELISA. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Asterisks, p < 0.05 versus control. FLSs were stimulated with Hsp70 (1 μg/ml) for increasing times (d). The supernatants were collected and the concentrations of IL-10 were determined by ELISA. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments