. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 15.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Cardiol. 2009 Mar 15;103(6):839–844. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.11.045

Table 2.

Association between elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP) and mortality in chronic heart failure, before and after propensity matching

Outcomes	Rate, per 10000 person-years (Events / total follow up years)		Absolute rate difference^* (per 10000 person-years)	Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)	P value
Pre-match	Normal JVP (n = 6768)	Elevated JVP (n = 1020)

All-cause	1054 (2131 / 20219)	1789 (475 / 2655)	+ 735	1.70 (1.54–1.88)	<0.0001
Cardiovascular	829 (1677 / 20219)	1412 (375 / 2655)	+ 583	1.70 (1.52–1.90)	<0.0001
Progressive heart failure	353 (714 / 20219)	727 (193 / 2655)	+ 374	2.07 (1.76–2.43)	<0.0001

Post-match	Normal JVP (n = 827)	Elevated JVP (n = 827)

All-cause	1866 (398 / 2133)	1699 (373 / 2196)	- 167	0.95.(0.80–1.12)	0.521
Cardiovascular	1467 (313 / 2133)	1321 (290 / 2196)	- 147	0.93 (0.77–1.12)	0.440
Progressive heart failure	727 (155 / 2133)	660 (145 / 2196)	- 66	0.94 (0.71–1.23)	0.628

Absolute differences in rates of events per 10,000 person-year of follow up were calculated by subtracting the event rates in the normal JVP group from the event rates in the elevated JVP group (before values were rounded).