Table 5.
Risk factors associated with mother-to-child transmission
| N | Odds ratio (95%CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI), p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Premature delivery | |||
| No | 1491 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 144 | 2.22 (1.44–3.43) p < 0.001 | 1.43 (0.90–2.28) p = 0.13 |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Vaginal | 964 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Emergency CS | 57 | 1.44 (0.73–2.86) p = 0.29 | 1.58 (0.78–3.19) p = 0.20 |
| Elective CS | 614 | 0.42 (0.29–0.61) p < 0.001 | 0.57 (0.38–0.86) p = 0.007 |
| Antenatal/intrapartum ARVs | |||
| None | 110 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| SdNVP | 370 | 0.49 (0.30–0.81) p = 0.006 | 0.55 (0.33–0.92) p = 0.02 |
| ZDV | 280 | 0.20 (0.11–0.36) p< 0.001 | 0.28 (0.14–0.53) p < 0.001 |
| ZDV with sdNVP | 799 | 0.26 (0.16–0.42) p < 0.001 | 0.41 (0.24–0.69) p < 0.001 |
| HAART | 76 | 0.11 (0.03–0.36) p < 0.001 | 0.16 (0.05–0.54) p = 0.004 |
| IDU history | |||
| No | 1266 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 409 | 1.79 (1.30–2.47) p < 0.001 | 1.31 (0.92–1.86) p = 0.13 |
| Breastfeeding | |||
| None | 1620 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Any | 15 | 5.27 (1.85–15.0) p = 0.002 | 3.07 (1.02–9.24) p = 0.046 |
95%CI – 95% confidence interval